TY - JOUR
T1 - Meniscal Tears, Posterolateral and Posteromedial Corner Injuries, Increased Coronal Plane, and Increased Sagittal Plane Tibial Slope All Influence Anterior Cruciate Ligament–Related Knee Kinematics and Increase Forces on the Native and Reconstructed Anterior Cruciate Ligament
T2 - A Systematic Review of Cadaveric Studies
AU - van der Wal, Wybren A.
AU - Meijer, Diederik T.
AU - Hoogeslag, Roy A. G.
AU - LaPrade, Robert F.
N1 - Funding Information: The authors report the following potential conflicts of interest or sources of funding: R.F.L. reports personal fees and other from Arthrex and Smith & Nephew; grants, personal fees, and other from Ossur; and personal fees from Linvatec, outside the submitted work. Full ICMJE author disclosure forms are available for this article online, as supplementary material. Publisher Copyright: © 2021 Arthroscopy Association of North America
PY - 2022/5/1
Y1 - 2022/5/1
N2 - Purpose: To obtain a comprehensive list of pathologies that cause increased anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) forces and pathologic knee kinematics to evaluate for in both primary and revision ACL reconstruction to decrease the risk of subsequent graft overload. Methods: An electronic search was performed in the Embase and MEDLINE databases for the period between January 1, 1990, and December 10, 2020. All articles investigating medial and lateral meniscal injury, (postero)lateral corner injury, (postero)medial corner/medial collateral ligament injury, valgus alignment, varus alignment, and tibial slope in relation to ACL (graft) force and knee kinematics were included. Results: Data of 43 studies were included. The studies reported that high-volume medial and lateral meniscectomies, peripheral meniscus tears, medial meniscus ramp tears, lateral meniscus root tears, posterolateral corner injuries, medial collateral ligament tears, increased tibial slope, and valgus and varus alignment were reported to have a significant impact on ACL (graft) force and related knee kinematics. Conclusions: This systematic review on biomechanical cadaver studies provides a rationale to systematically identify and treat pathologies in ACL-injured knees, because when undiagnosed or left untreated, these specific concomitant pathologies could lead to ACL graft overload in both primary and revision ACL-reconstructed knees. Clinical Relevance: it is necessary that orthopaedic surgeons who treat ACL-injured knees understand the surgically relevant biomechanical consequences of additional pathologies and use this knowledge to optimize treatment in ACL-injured patients.
AB - Purpose: To obtain a comprehensive list of pathologies that cause increased anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) forces and pathologic knee kinematics to evaluate for in both primary and revision ACL reconstruction to decrease the risk of subsequent graft overload. Methods: An electronic search was performed in the Embase and MEDLINE databases for the period between January 1, 1990, and December 10, 2020. All articles investigating medial and lateral meniscal injury, (postero)lateral corner injury, (postero)medial corner/medial collateral ligament injury, valgus alignment, varus alignment, and tibial slope in relation to ACL (graft) force and knee kinematics were included. Results: Data of 43 studies were included. The studies reported that high-volume medial and lateral meniscectomies, peripheral meniscus tears, medial meniscus ramp tears, lateral meniscus root tears, posterolateral corner injuries, medial collateral ligament tears, increased tibial slope, and valgus and varus alignment were reported to have a significant impact on ACL (graft) force and related knee kinematics. Conclusions: This systematic review on biomechanical cadaver studies provides a rationale to systematically identify and treat pathologies in ACL-injured knees, because when undiagnosed or left untreated, these specific concomitant pathologies could lead to ACL graft overload in both primary and revision ACL-reconstructed knees. Clinical Relevance: it is necessary that orthopaedic surgeons who treat ACL-injured knees understand the surgically relevant biomechanical consequences of additional pathologies and use this knowledge to optimize treatment in ACL-injured patients.
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85121833729&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.arthro.2021.11.044
DO - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.arthro.2021.11.044
M3 - Review article
C2 - 34883197
SN - 0749-8063
VL - 38
SP - 1664-1688.e1
JO - Arthroscopy - Journal of Arthroscopic and Related Surgery
JF - Arthroscopy - Journal of Arthroscopic and Related Surgery
IS - 5
ER -