TY - JOUR
T1 - A Novel Simian Adenovirus Associating with Human Adeno-virus Species G Isolated from Long-Tailed Macaque Feces
AU - Kosoltanapiwat, Nathamon
AU - van der Hoek, Lia
AU - Kinsella, Cormac M.
AU - Tongshoob, Jarinee
AU - Prasittichai, Luxsana
AU - Klein, Michelle
AU - Jebbink, Maarten F.
AU - Deijs, Martin
AU - Reamtong, Onrapak
AU - Boonnak, Kobporn
AU - Khongsiri, Wathusiri
AU - Phadungsombat, Juthamas
AU - Tongthainan, Daraka
AU - Tulayakul, Phitsanu
AU - Yindee, Marnoch
N1 - Funding Information: The authors would like to thank Banpot Maleehuan, Songchat Prakalpanont, and Paitoon Intarabut, the Department of National Parks, Wildlife and Plant Conservation, Ministry of Natural Resources and Environment, Thailand, for their facilitation in sample collection. We also thank Montee Wijitranon for his technical assistance in monkey sample collection. Sample collection in Prachuap Khiri Khan was supported by the National Science and Technology Development Agency (NSTDA), Thailand, through the eAsia joint research program via K.B. We thank the Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, for supporting the cost of English editing. Funding Information: This research was funded by the Research Career Development Grant, Thailand Research Fund (RSA6180052) via N.K. Publisher Copyright: © 2023 by the authors.
PY - 2023/6/1
Y1 - 2023/6/1
N2 - Metagenomics has demonstrated its capability in outbreak investigations and pathogen surveillance and discovery. With high-throughput and effective bioinformatics, many disease-causing agents, as well as novel viruses of humans and animals, have been identified using metagenomic analysis. In this study, a VIDISCA metagenomics workflow was used to identify potential unknown viruses in 33 fecal samples from asymptomatic long-tailed macaques (Macaca fascicularis) in Ratchaburi Province, Thailand. Putatively novel astroviruses, enteroviruses, and adenoviruses were detected and confirmed by PCR analysis of long-tailed macaque fecal samples collected from areas in four provinces, Ratchaburi, Kanchanaburi, Lopburi, and Prachuap Khiri Khan, where humans and monkeys live in proximity (total n = 187). Astroviruses, enteroviruses, and adenoviruses were present in 3.2%, 7.5%, and 4.8% of macaque fecal samples, respectively. One adenovirus, named AdV-RBR-6-3, was successfully isolated in human cell culture. Whole-genome analysis suggested that it is a new member of the species Human adenovirus G, closely related to Rhesus adenovirus 53, with evidence of genetic recombination and variation in the hexon, fiber, and CR1 genes. Sero-surveillance showed neutralizing antibodies against AdV-RBR-6-3 in 2.9% and 11.2% of monkeys and humans, respectively, suggesting cross-species infection of monkeys and humans. Overall, we reported the use of metagenomics to screen for possible new viruses, as well as the isolation and molecular and serological characterization of the new adenovirus with cross-species transmission potential. The findings emphasize that zoonotic surveillance is important and should be continued, especially in areas where humans and animals interact, to predict and prevent the threat of emerging zoonotic pathogens.
AB - Metagenomics has demonstrated its capability in outbreak investigations and pathogen surveillance and discovery. With high-throughput and effective bioinformatics, many disease-causing agents, as well as novel viruses of humans and animals, have been identified using metagenomic analysis. In this study, a VIDISCA metagenomics workflow was used to identify potential unknown viruses in 33 fecal samples from asymptomatic long-tailed macaques (Macaca fascicularis) in Ratchaburi Province, Thailand. Putatively novel astroviruses, enteroviruses, and adenoviruses were detected and confirmed by PCR analysis of long-tailed macaque fecal samples collected from areas in four provinces, Ratchaburi, Kanchanaburi, Lopburi, and Prachuap Khiri Khan, where humans and monkeys live in proximity (total n = 187). Astroviruses, enteroviruses, and adenoviruses were present in 3.2%, 7.5%, and 4.8% of macaque fecal samples, respectively. One adenovirus, named AdV-RBR-6-3, was successfully isolated in human cell culture. Whole-genome analysis suggested that it is a new member of the species Human adenovirus G, closely related to Rhesus adenovirus 53, with evidence of genetic recombination and variation in the hexon, fiber, and CR1 genes. Sero-surveillance showed neutralizing antibodies against AdV-RBR-6-3 in 2.9% and 11.2% of monkeys and humans, respectively, suggesting cross-species infection of monkeys and humans. Overall, we reported the use of metagenomics to screen for possible new viruses, as well as the isolation and molecular and serological characterization of the new adenovirus with cross-species transmission potential. The findings emphasize that zoonotic surveillance is important and should be continued, especially in areas where humans and animals interact, to predict and prevent the threat of emerging zoonotic pathogens.
KW - VIDISCA
KW - long-tailed macaques
KW - metagenomics
KW - novel adenovirus
KW - virus discovery
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85164011903&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - https://doi.org/10.3390/v15061371
DO - https://doi.org/10.3390/v15061371
M3 - Article
C2 - 37376670
SN - 1999-4915
VL - 15
JO - Viruses
JF - Viruses
IS - 6
M1 - 1371
ER -