TY - JOUR
T1 - 2022 Overview of Metabolic Epilepsies
AU - Tumiene, Birute
AU - Ferreira, Carlos R.
AU - van Karnebeek, Clara D. M.
N1 - Funding Information: This work was financially supported by the European Reference Network on hereditary metabolic disorders (MetabERN). This ERN is co-funded by the European Union with-in the framework of the Third Health Program ?ERN-2016?Framework Partnership Agreement 2017? 2021?. Publisher Copyright: © 2022 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.
PY - 2022/3/1
Y1 - 2022/3/1
N2 - Understanding the genetic architecture of metabolic epilepsies is of paramount im-portance, both to current clinical practice and for the identification of further research directions. The main goals of our study were to identify the scope of metabolic epilepsies and to investigate their clinical presentation, diagnostic approaches and treatments. The International Classification of Inherited Metabolic Disorders and IEMbase were used as a basis for the identification and classification of metabolic epilepsies. Six hundred metabolic epilepsies have been identified, accounting for as much as 37% of all currently described inherited metabolic diseases (IMD). Epilepsy is a par-ticularly common symptom in disorders of energy metabolism, congenital disorders of glycosyla-tion, neurotransmitter disorders, disorders of the synaptic vesicle cycle and some other IMDs. Seizures in metabolic epilepsies may present variably, and most of these disorders are complex and multisystem. Abnormalities in routine laboratory tests and/or metabolic testing may be identified in 70% of all metabolic epilepsies, but in many cases they are non-specific. In total, 111 metabolic epilepsies (18% of all) have specific treatments that may significantly change health outcomes if diagnosed in time. Although metabolic epilepsies comprise an important and significant group of disorders, their real scope and frequency may have been underestimated.
AB - Understanding the genetic architecture of metabolic epilepsies is of paramount im-portance, both to current clinical practice and for the identification of further research directions. The main goals of our study were to identify the scope of metabolic epilepsies and to investigate their clinical presentation, diagnostic approaches and treatments. The International Classification of Inherited Metabolic Disorders and IEMbase were used as a basis for the identification and classification of metabolic epilepsies. Six hundred metabolic epilepsies have been identified, accounting for as much as 37% of all currently described inherited metabolic diseases (IMD). Epilepsy is a par-ticularly common symptom in disorders of energy metabolism, congenital disorders of glycosyla-tion, neurotransmitter disorders, disorders of the synaptic vesicle cycle and some other IMDs. Seizures in metabolic epilepsies may present variably, and most of these disorders are complex and multisystem. Abnormalities in routine laboratory tests and/or metabolic testing may be identified in 70% of all metabolic epilepsies, but in many cases they are non-specific. In total, 111 metabolic epilepsies (18% of all) have specific treatments that may significantly change health outcomes if diagnosed in time. Although metabolic epilepsies comprise an important and significant group of disorders, their real scope and frequency may have been underestimated.
KW - International Classification of Inherited Metabolic Disorders
KW - congenital disorders of autophagy
KW - diagnostics
KW - disorders of metabolite repair or proofreading
KW - disorders of the synaptic vesicle cycle
KW - inherited metabolic diseases
KW - specific treatments
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85126960639&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - https://doi.org/10.3390/genes13030508
DO - https://doi.org/10.3390/genes13030508
M3 - Review article
C2 - 35328062
SN - 2073-4425
VL - 13
JO - Genes
JF - Genes
IS - 3
M1 - 508
ER -