Retrieval of Chronically Implanted Dual-chamber Leadless Pacemakers in an Ovine Model

Rajesh S Banker, Marian K Rippy, Nicole Cooper, Petr Neužil, Derek V Exner, Devi G Nair, Daniel F Booth, David Ligon, Nima Badie, Mark Krans, Kenji Ando, Reinoud E Knops, James E Ip, Rahul N Doshi, Mayer Rashtian, Vivek Y Reddy

Research output: Contribution to journalArticleAcademicpeer-review

Abstract

BACKGROUND: The clinical utilization of leadless pacemakers (LPs) as an alternative to traditional transvenous pacemakers is likely to increase with the advent of dual-chamber LP systems. Since device retrieval to allow LP upgrade or replacement will become an important capability, the first such dual-chamber, helix-fixation LP system (Aveir DR; Abbott, Abbott Park, IL) was specifically designed to allow catheter-based retrieval. In this study, the preclinical performance and safety of retrieving chronically implanted dual-chamber LPs was evaluated.

METHODS: Atrial and ventricular LPs were implanted in the right atrial appendage and right ventricular apex of 9 healthy ovine subjects. After ≈2 years, the LPs were retrieved using a dedicated transvenous retrieval catheter (Aveir Retrieval Catheter; Abbott) by snaring, docking, and unscrewing from the myocardium. Comprehensive necropsy/histopathology studies were conducted to evaluate device- and procedure-related outcomes.

RESULTS: At a median of 1.9 years postimplant (range, 1.8-2.6), all 18 of 18 (100%) LPs were retrieved from 9 ovine subjects without complications. The median retrieval procedure duration for both LPs, from first-catheter-in to last-catheter-out, was 13.3 minutes (range, 2.5-36.4). Postretrieval, all right atrial, and right ventricular implant sites demonstrated minimal tissue disruption, with intact fibrous tissue limited to the distal device body. No significant device-related trauma, perforation, pericardial effusion, right heart or tricuspid valve injury, or chronic pulmonary thromboembolism were observed at necropsy.

CONCLUSIONS: This preclinical study demonstrated the safe and effective retrieval of chronically implanted, helix-fixation, dual-chamber LP systems, paving the way for clinical studies of LP retrieval.

Original languageEnglish
Pages (from-to)e012232
JournalCirculation. Arrhythmia and electrophysiology
Volume16
Issue number10
DOIs
Publication statusPublished - 1 Oct 2023

Keywords

  • cardiac pacemaker, artificial
  • feasibility study
  • intracardiac catheters
  • preclinical
  • right atrium
  • right ventricle

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