TY - JOUR
T1 - Quantification of mouse heart left ventricular function, myocardial strain, and hemodynamic forces by cardiovascular magnetic resonance imaging
AU - Daal, Mariah R R
AU - Strijkers, Gustav J
AU - Calcagno, Claudia
AU - Garipov, Ruslan R
AU - Wüst, Rob C I
AU - Hautemann, David
AU - Coolen, Bram F
N1 - Publisher Copyright: © 2021 JoVE Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs 3.0 Unported License.
PY - 2021/5/24
Y1 - 2021/5/24
N2 - Mouse models have contributed significantly to understanding genetic and physiological factors involved in healthy cardiac function, how perturbations result in pathology, and how myocardial diseases may be treated. Cardiovascular magnetic resonance imaging (CMR) has become an indispensable tool for a comprehensive in vivo assessment of cardiac anatomy and function. This protocol shows detailed measurements of mouse heart left ventricular function, myocardial strain, and hemodynamic forces using 7-Tesla CMR. First, animal preparation and positioning in the scanner are demonstrated. Survey scans are performed for planning imaging slices in various short- and long-axis views. A series of prospective ECG-triggered short-axis (SA) movies (or CINE images) are acquired covering the heart from apex to base, capturing end-systolic and end-diastolic phases. Subsequently, single-slice, retrospectively gated CINE images are acquired in a midventricular SA view, and in 2-, 3-, and 4-chamber views, to be reconstructed into high-temporal resolution CINE images using custom-built and open-source software. CINE images are subsequently analyzed using dedicated CMR image analysis software. Delineating endomyocardial and epicardial borders in SA end-systolic and end-diastolic CINE images allows for the calculation of end-systolic and end-diastolic volumes, ejection fraction, and cardiac output. The midventricular SA CINE images are delineated for all cardiac time frames to extract a detailed volume-time curve. Its time derivative allows for the calculation of the diastolic function as the ratio of the early filling and atrial contraction waves. Finally, left ventricular endocardial walls in the 2-, 3-, and 4-chamber views are delineated using feature-tracking, from which longitudinal myocardial strain parameters and left ventricular hemodynamic forces are calculated. In conclusion, this protocol provides detailed in vivo quantification of the mouse cardiac parameters, which can be used to study temporal alterations in cardiac function in various mouse models of heart disease.
AB - Mouse models have contributed significantly to understanding genetic and physiological factors involved in healthy cardiac function, how perturbations result in pathology, and how myocardial diseases may be treated. Cardiovascular magnetic resonance imaging (CMR) has become an indispensable tool for a comprehensive in vivo assessment of cardiac anatomy and function. This protocol shows detailed measurements of mouse heart left ventricular function, myocardial strain, and hemodynamic forces using 7-Tesla CMR. First, animal preparation and positioning in the scanner are demonstrated. Survey scans are performed for planning imaging slices in various short- and long-axis views. A series of prospective ECG-triggered short-axis (SA) movies (or CINE images) are acquired covering the heart from apex to base, capturing end-systolic and end-diastolic phases. Subsequently, single-slice, retrospectively gated CINE images are acquired in a midventricular SA view, and in 2-, 3-, and 4-chamber views, to be reconstructed into high-temporal resolution CINE images using custom-built and open-source software. CINE images are subsequently analyzed using dedicated CMR image analysis software. Delineating endomyocardial and epicardial borders in SA end-systolic and end-diastolic CINE images allows for the calculation of end-systolic and end-diastolic volumes, ejection fraction, and cardiac output. The midventricular SA CINE images are delineated for all cardiac time frames to extract a detailed volume-time curve. Its time derivative allows for the calculation of the diastolic function as the ratio of the early filling and atrial contraction waves. Finally, left ventricular endocardial walls in the 2-, 3-, and 4-chamber views are delineated using feature-tracking, from which longitudinal myocardial strain parameters and left ventricular hemodynamic forces are calculated. In conclusion, this protocol provides detailed in vivo quantification of the mouse cardiac parameters, which can be used to study temporal alterations in cardiac function in various mouse models of heart disease.
KW - Animals
KW - Heart Ventricles/diagnostic imaging
KW - Hemodynamics
KW - Magnetic Resonance Imaging
KW - Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Cine
KW - Mice
KW - Myocardial Contraction
KW - Predictive Value of Tests
KW - Prospective Studies
KW - Reproducibility of Results
KW - Retrospective Studies
KW - Stroke Volume
KW - Ventricular Function, Left
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85107717074&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - https://doi.org/10.3791/62595
DO - https://doi.org/10.3791/62595
M3 - Article
C2 - 34096916
SN - 1940-087X
VL - 2021
SP - 1
EP - 17
JO - Journal of visualized experiments : JoVE
JF - Journal of visualized experiments : JoVE
IS - 171
M1 - e62595
ER -