A single mRNA vaccine dose in COVID-19 patients boosts neutralizing antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 and variants of concern

RECoVERED Study Group

doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.xcrm.2021.100486

A single mRNA vaccine dose in COVID-19 patients boosts neutralizing antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 and variants of concern

RECoVERED Study Group

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › Academic › peer-review

13 Citations (Scopus)

Abstract

The urgent need for, but limited availability of, SARS-CoV-2 vaccines worldwide has led to widespread consideration of dose-sparing strategies. Here, we evaluate the SARS-CoV-2-specific antibody responses following BNT162b2 vaccination in 150 previously SARS-CoV-2-infected individuals from a population-based cohort. One week after first vaccine dose, spike protein antibody levels are 27-fold higher and neutralizing antibody titers 12-fold higher, exceeding titers of fully vaccinated SARS-CoV-2-naive controls, with minimal additional boosting after the second dose. Neutralizing antibody titers against four variants of concern increase after vaccination; however, overall neutralization breadth does not improve. Pre-vaccination neutralizing antibody titers and time since infection have the largest positive effect on titers following vaccination. COVID-19 severity and the presence of comorbidities have no discernible impact on vaccine response. In conclusion, a single dose of BNT162b2 vaccine up to 15 months after SARS-CoV-2 infection offers higher neutralizing antibody titers than 2 vaccine doses in SARS-CoV-2-naive individuals.

Original language	English
Article number	100486
Journal	Cell Reports Medicine
Volume	3
Issue number	1
Early online date	2022
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1016/j.xcrm.2021.100486
Publication status	Published - 18 Jan 2022

Keywords

Adult
Aged
Antibodies, Neutralizing/blood
Antibodies, Viral/blood
BNT162 Vaccine/administration & dosage
BNT162b2
COVID-19
COVID-19/blood
Female
Follow-Up Studies
Humans
Immunogenicity, Vaccine/immunology
Immunoglobulin G/blood
Male
Middle Aged
Neutralization Tests
Prospective Studies
SARS-CoV-2
SARS-CoV-2/immunology
Severity of Illness Index
Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus/immunology
Treatment Outcome
Vaccination/methods
antibody response
mRNA vaccine
neutralization
previous infection
response predictors
variants

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Cite this

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title = "A single mRNA vaccine dose in COVID-19 patients boosts neutralizing antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 and variants of concern",

abstract = "The urgent need for, but limited availability of, SARS-CoV-2 vaccines worldwide has led to widespread consideration of dose-sparing strategies. Here, we evaluate the SARS-CoV-2-specific antibody responses following BNT162b2 vaccination in 150 previously SARS-CoV-2-infected individuals from a population-based cohort. One week after first vaccine dose, spike protein antibody levels are 27-fold higher and neutralizing antibody titers 12-fold higher, exceeding titers of fully vaccinated SARS-CoV-2-naive controls, with minimal additional boosting after the second dose. Neutralizing antibody titers against four variants of concern increase after vaccination; however, overall neutralization breadth does not improve. Pre-vaccination neutralizing antibody titers and time since infection have the largest positive effect on titers following vaccination. COVID-19 severity and the presence of comorbidities have no discernible impact on vaccine response. In conclusion, a single dose of BNT162b2 vaccine up to 15 months after SARS-CoV-2 infection offers higher neutralizing antibody titers than 2 vaccine doses in SARS-CoV-2-naive individuals.",

keywords = "Adult, Aged, Antibodies, Neutralizing/blood, Antibodies, Viral/blood, BNT162 Vaccine/administration & dosage, BNT162b2, COVID-19, COVID-19/blood, Female, Follow-Up Studies, Humans, Immunogenicity, Vaccine/immunology, Immunoglobulin G/blood, Male, Middle Aged, Neutralization Tests, Prospective Studies, SARS-CoV-2, SARS-CoV-2/immunology, Severity of Illness Index, Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus/immunology, Treatment Outcome, Vaccination/methods, antibody response, mRNA vaccine, neutralization, previous infection, response predictors, variants",

author = "{van Gils}, {Marit J} and {van Vught}, {Lonneke A} and Vlaar, {Alexander P J} and Kootstra, {Neeltje A} and {de Bree}, {Godelieve J} and {RECoVERED Study Group} and U. Davidovich and {van Willigen}, {Hugo D.G.} and Elke Wynberg and Han, {Alvin X.} and {van der Straten}, Karlijn and Burger, {Judith A.} and Meliawati Poniman and Melissa Oomen and Khadija Tejjani and Bouhuijs, {Joey H.} and Anouk Verveen and Romy Lebbink and Maartje Dijkstra and Brent Appelman and Lavell, {A. H.Ayesha} and Caniels, {Tom G.} and Ilja Bontjer and Sikkens, {Jonne J.} and Bomers, {Marije K.} and Russell, {Colin A.} and Sanders, {Rogier W.} and Maria Prins and {de Jong}, {Menno D.} and Ivette Agard and Jane Ayal and Anders Boyd and Floor Cavdar and Marianne Craanen and Annemarieke Deuring and {van Dijk}, Annelies and Ertan Ersan and {del Grande}, Laura and Joost Hartman and Nelleke Koedoot and Tjalling Leenstra and Dominique Loomans and Agata Makowska and {du Maine}, Tom and {de Man}, Ilja and Amy Matser and {van der Meij}, Lizenka and {van den Aardweg}, Joost and Mette Hazenberg and Marcel Jonges and Hans Knoop and Brigitte Boeser-Nunnink and {Moll van Charante}, Eric and {van Dort}, Karel and Soemeja Hidad and Suzanne Jurriaans and Anja Lok and Irma Maurer and Pythia Nieuwkerk and {van Nuenen}, Ad",

note = "{\textcopyright} 2021.",

year = "2022",

month = jan,

day = "18",

doi = "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.xcrm.2021.100486",

language = "English",

volume = "3",

journal = "Cell Reports Medicine",

issn = "2666-3791",

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TY - JOUR

T1 - A single mRNA vaccine dose in COVID-19 patients boosts neutralizing antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 and variants of concern

AU - van Gils, Marit J

AU - van Vught, Lonneke A

AU - Vlaar, Alexander P J

AU - Kootstra, Neeltje A

AU - de Bree, Godelieve J

AU - RECoVERED Study Group

AU - Davidovich, U.

AU - van Willigen, Hugo D.G.

AU - Wynberg, Elke

AU - Han, Alvin X.

AU - van der Straten, Karlijn

AU - Burger, Judith A.

AU - Poniman, Meliawati

AU - Oomen, Melissa

AU - Tejjani, Khadija

AU - Bouhuijs, Joey H.

AU - Verveen, Anouk

AU - Lebbink, Romy

AU - Dijkstra, Maartje

AU - Appelman, Brent

AU - Lavell, A. H.Ayesha

AU - Caniels, Tom G.

AU - Bontjer, Ilja

AU - Sikkens, Jonne J.

AU - Bomers, Marije K.

AU - Russell, Colin A.

AU - Sanders, Rogier W.

AU - Prins, Maria

AU - de Jong, Menno D.

AU - Agard, Ivette

AU - Ayal, Jane

AU - Boyd, Anders

AU - Cavdar, Floor

AU - Craanen, Marianne

AU - Deuring, Annemarieke

AU - van Dijk, Annelies

AU - Ersan, Ertan

AU - del Grande, Laura

AU - Hartman, Joost

AU - Koedoot, Nelleke

AU - Leenstra, Tjalling

AU - Loomans, Dominique

AU - Makowska, Agata

AU - du Maine, Tom

AU - de Man, Ilja

AU - Matser, Amy

AU - van der Meij, Lizenka

AU - van den Aardweg, Joost

AU - Hazenberg, Mette

AU - Jonges, Marcel

AU - Knoop, Hans

AU - Boeser-Nunnink, Brigitte

AU - Moll van Charante, Eric

AU - van Dort, Karel

AU - Hidad, Soemeja

AU - Jurriaans, Suzanne

AU - Lok, Anja

AU - Maurer, Irma

AU - Nieuwkerk, Pythia

AU - van Nuenen, Ad

PY - 2022/1/18

Y1 - 2022/1/18

N2 - The urgent need for, but limited availability of, SARS-CoV-2 vaccines worldwide has led to widespread consideration of dose-sparing strategies. Here, we evaluate the SARS-CoV-2-specific antibody responses following BNT162b2 vaccination in 150 previously SARS-CoV-2-infected individuals from a population-based cohort. One week after first vaccine dose, spike protein antibody levels are 27-fold higher and neutralizing antibody titers 12-fold higher, exceeding titers of fully vaccinated SARS-CoV-2-naive controls, with minimal additional boosting after the second dose. Neutralizing antibody titers against four variants of concern increase after vaccination; however, overall neutralization breadth does not improve. Pre-vaccination neutralizing antibody titers and time since infection have the largest positive effect on titers following vaccination. COVID-19 severity and the presence of comorbidities have no discernible impact on vaccine response. In conclusion, a single dose of BNT162b2 vaccine up to 15 months after SARS-CoV-2 infection offers higher neutralizing antibody titers than 2 vaccine doses in SARS-CoV-2-naive individuals.

AB - The urgent need for, but limited availability of, SARS-CoV-2 vaccines worldwide has led to widespread consideration of dose-sparing strategies. Here, we evaluate the SARS-CoV-2-specific antibody responses following BNT162b2 vaccination in 150 previously SARS-CoV-2-infected individuals from a population-based cohort. One week after first vaccine dose, spike protein antibody levels are 27-fold higher and neutralizing antibody titers 12-fold higher, exceeding titers of fully vaccinated SARS-CoV-2-naive controls, with minimal additional boosting after the second dose. Neutralizing antibody titers against four variants of concern increase after vaccination; however, overall neutralization breadth does not improve. Pre-vaccination neutralizing antibody titers and time since infection have the largest positive effect on titers following vaccination. COVID-19 severity and the presence of comorbidities have no discernible impact on vaccine response. In conclusion, a single dose of BNT162b2 vaccine up to 15 months after SARS-CoV-2 infection offers higher neutralizing antibody titers than 2 vaccine doses in SARS-CoV-2-naive individuals.

KW - Adult

KW - Aged

KW - Antibodies, Neutralizing/blood

KW - Antibodies, Viral/blood

KW - BNT162 Vaccine/administration & dosage

KW - BNT162b2

KW - COVID-19

KW - COVID-19/blood

KW - Female

KW - Follow-Up Studies

KW - Humans

KW - Immunogenicity, Vaccine/immunology

KW - Immunoglobulin G/blood

KW - Male

KW - Middle Aged

KW - Neutralization Tests

KW - Prospective Studies

KW - SARS-CoV-2

KW - SARS-CoV-2/immunology

KW - Severity of Illness Index

KW - Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus/immunology

KW - Treatment Outcome

KW - Vaccination/methods

KW - antibody response

KW - mRNA vaccine

KW - neutralization

KW - previous infection

KW - response predictors

KW - variants

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U2 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.xcrm.2021.100486

DO - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.xcrm.2021.100486

M3 - Article

C2 - 35103254

SN - 2666-3791

VL - 3

JO - Cell Reports Medicine

JF - Cell Reports Medicine

IS - 1

M1 - 100486

ER -

A single mRNA vaccine dose in COVID-19 patients boosts neutralizing antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 and variants of concern

Abstract

Keywords

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