Acute abdomen in the immunocompromised patient: WSES, SIS-E, WSIS, AAST, and GAIS guidelines

Federico Coccolini, Mario Improta, Massimo Sartelli, Kemal Rasa, Robert Sawyer, Raul Coimbra, Massimo Chiarugi, Andrey Litvin, Timothy Hardcastle, Francesco Forfori, Jean-Louis Vincent, Andreas Hecker, Richard ten Broek, Luigi Bonavina, Mircea Chirica, Ugo Boggi, Emmanuil Pikoulis, Salomone di Saverio, Philippe Montravers, Goran AugustinDario Tartaglia, Enrico Cicuttin, Camilla Cremonini, Bruno Viaggi, Belinda de Simone, Manu Malbrain, Vishal G. Shelat, Paola Fugazzola, Luca Ansaloni, Arda Isik, Ines Rubio, Itani Kamal, Francesco Corradi, Antonio Tarasconi, Stefano Gitto, Mauro Podda, Anastasia Pikoulis, Ari Leppaniemi, Marco Ceresoli, Oreste Romeo, Ernest E. Moore, Zaza Demetrashvili, Walter L. Biffl, Imitiaz Wani, Matti Tolonen, Therese Duane, Sameer Dhingra, Nicola DeAngelis, Edward Tan, Fikri Abu-Zidan, Carlos Ordonez, Yunfeng Cui, Francesco Labricciosa, Gennaro Perrone, Francesco di Marzo, Andrew Peitzman, Boris Sakakushev, Michael Sugrue, Marja Boermeester, Ramiro Manzano Nunez, Carlos Augusto Gomes, Miklosh Bala, Yoram Kluger, Fausto Catena

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Abstract

Immunocompromised patients are a heterogeneous and diffuse category frequently presenting to the emergency department with acute surgical diseases. Diagnosis and treatment in immunocompromised patients are often complex and must be multidisciplinary. Misdiagnosis of an acute surgical disease may be followed by increased morbidity and mortality. Delayed diagnosis and treatment of surgical disease occur; these patients may seek medical assistance late because their symptoms are often ambiguous. Also, they develop unique surgical problems that do not affect the general population. Management of this population must be multidisciplinary. This paper presents the World Society of Emergency Surgery (WSES), Surgical Infection Society Europe (SIS-E), World Surgical Infection Society (WSIS), American Association for the Surgery of Trauma (AAST), and Global Alliance for Infection in Surgery (GAIS) joined guidelines about the management of acute abdomen in immunocompromised patients.
Original languageEnglish
Article number40
JournalWorld Journal of Emergency Surgery
Volume16
Issue number1
DOIs
Publication statusPublished - 1 Dec 2021

Keywords

  • Anesthesia
  • Appendicitis
  • Cancer
  • Cholecystitis
  • Cytomegalovirus
  • Diverticulitis
  • Hematologic
  • Immunocompetence
  • Immunocompromise
  • Immunosuppression
  • Infections
  • Intra-abdominal
  • Leukemia
  • Lymphoma
  • Oncologic
  • Perforation
  • Perioperative
  • Peritonitis
  • Transplanted
  • Tuberculosis

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