@inbook{b5fbf5af6dce4bdeb9e6b935a3b7900e,
title = "Age, Sex and Racial Differences in Cardiac Repolarization and Arrhythmogenesis",
abstract = "Age, sex and race have an influence on the cardiac repolarization and therefore the QTc-interval. Racial differences are probably the result of the presence of considerable heterogeneity among race/ethnicity for multiple genetic loci that influence the QT-interval. Age-and sex-related differences in QTc-interval are most likely the result of changes in sex-specific hormones. Although the exact mechanisms and pathophysiology of the effect of sex hormones on the QTc-interval and arrhythmogenesis are not known, testosterone appears to shorten the QTc-interval in males. In females, however, there is a more complex interaction between progesterone and oestrogen. In addition, the autonomic nervous system and gonadotropins may play an important part in this complex interaction.",
author = "Vink, {Arja Suzanne} and Clur, {Sally-Ann B.} and Postema, {Pieter G.} and Blom, {Nico A.} and Wilde, {Arthur A. M.}",
year = "2019",
month = jan,
day = "1",
doi = "https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-22672-5_6",
language = "English",
isbn = "9783030226718",
series = "Cardiac Repolarization: Basic Science and Clinical Management",
publisher = "Springer International Publishing",
pages = "119--129",
booktitle = "Cardiac Repolarization: Basic Science and Clinical Management",
}