TY - JOUR
T1 - Arachidonate 5-lipoxygenase-activating protein (ALOX5AP) gene and coronary heart disease risk in familial hypercholesterolemia
AU - van der Net, Jeroen B.
AU - Versmissen, Jorie
AU - Oosterveer, Daniëlla M.
AU - Defesche, Joep C.
AU - Yazdanpanah, Mojgan
AU - Aouizerat, Bradley E.
AU - Steyerberg, Ewout W.
AU - Malloy, Mary J.
AU - Pullinger, Clive R.
AU - Kane, John P.
AU - Kastelein, John J. P.
AU - Sijbrands, Eric J. G.
PY - 2009
Y1 - 2009
N2 - Objectives: To investigate the arachionate 5-lipoxygenase-activating protein (ALOX5AP) gene as a potential modifier gene for coronary heart disease (CHD) in patients with familial hypercholesterolemia (FH). Background: The ALOX5AP gene is required for the synthesis of leukotrienes, a protein family involved in inflammatory responses. Recently, genetic variation in this gene was shown to be associated with myocardial infarction in an Icelandic and British population. Since FH is characterized by severely increased levels of plasma low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol levels, chronic inflammation of the arterial wall, and subsequent premature CHID, the ALOX5AP gene could be an important modifier gene for CHD in FH. Methods: In a cohort of 1817 FH patients, we reconstructed two four-marker haplotypes, previously defined in Icelandic (HapA) and British (HapB) individuals. The haplotypes were inferred with PHASE and the associations between the haplotypes and CHD were analyzed with a Cox proportional hazards model, adjusted for year of birth, sex, and smoking. Results: HapB had a frequency of 6.9% and 8.2% in the group without and with CHD, respectively, conferring a hazard ratio of 1.48 (95% CI 1.17-1.89, p = 0.001). This association was predominantly found in patients with LDL cholesterol levels above the median (HR 1.82, 95% CI 1.20-2.76, p = 0.005). HapA was not associated with CHID. Conclusion: We conclude that genetic variation in the ALOX5AP gene contributes to CHD risk in patients with FH. Our findings emphasize the important role of inflammation in the pathogenesis of early CHD in this disorder, particularly in patients with more severely raised LDL cholesterol levels. (C) 2008 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved
AB - Objectives: To investigate the arachionate 5-lipoxygenase-activating protein (ALOX5AP) gene as a potential modifier gene for coronary heart disease (CHD) in patients with familial hypercholesterolemia (FH). Background: The ALOX5AP gene is required for the synthesis of leukotrienes, a protein family involved in inflammatory responses. Recently, genetic variation in this gene was shown to be associated with myocardial infarction in an Icelandic and British population. Since FH is characterized by severely increased levels of plasma low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol levels, chronic inflammation of the arterial wall, and subsequent premature CHID, the ALOX5AP gene could be an important modifier gene for CHD in FH. Methods: In a cohort of 1817 FH patients, we reconstructed two four-marker haplotypes, previously defined in Icelandic (HapA) and British (HapB) individuals. The haplotypes were inferred with PHASE and the associations between the haplotypes and CHD were analyzed with a Cox proportional hazards model, adjusted for year of birth, sex, and smoking. Results: HapB had a frequency of 6.9% and 8.2% in the group without and with CHD, respectively, conferring a hazard ratio of 1.48 (95% CI 1.17-1.89, p = 0.001). This association was predominantly found in patients with LDL cholesterol levels above the median (HR 1.82, 95% CI 1.20-2.76, p = 0.005). HapA was not associated with CHID. Conclusion: We conclude that genetic variation in the ALOX5AP gene contributes to CHD risk in patients with FH. Our findings emphasize the important role of inflammation in the pathogenesis of early CHD in this disorder, particularly in patients with more severely raised LDL cholesterol levels. (C) 2008 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved
U2 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2008.07.025
DO - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2008.07.025
M3 - Article
C2 - 18775537
SN - 0021-9150
VL - 203
SP - 472
EP - 478
JO - Atherosclerosis
JF - Atherosclerosis
IS - 2
ER -