Abstract
Bile salts play a crucial role in hepatobiliary and intestinal homeostasis and digestion. The liver synthesizes primary bile salts from cholesterol. Enzymatic modifications during their enterohepatic circulation lead to the formation of secondary and tertiary bile salts. The solubilization of dietary lipids and fat-soluble nutrients are key digestive functions of bile salts. Furthermore, they represent potent transcriptional and posttranscriptional signaling molecules in the liver and intestine. When elevated in liver tissue, bile salts may induce cholestasis, apoptosis, and necrosis. Therapeutic nontoxic bile salts are applied in clinical practice to modify the circulating bile salt pool to minimize bile salt toxicity while optimizing hepatobiliary function.
Original language | English |
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Title of host publication | Encyclopedia of Biological Chemistry |
Subtitle of host publication | Second Edition |
Publisher | Elsevier Inc. |
Pages | 167-171 |
Number of pages | 5 |
ISBN (Electronic) | 9780123786319 |
ISBN (Print) | 9780123786302 |
DOIs | |
Publication status | Published - 15 Feb 2013 |
Keywords
- Bile acids
- Bile salts
- Cholestasis
- Cholesterol
- Enterohepatic circulation
- Nuclear hormone receptors
- Ursodeoxycholate