C1-esterase inhibitor protects against early vein graft remodeling under arterial blood pressure

P.A.J. Krijnen, K. Kupreishvili, M.R. de Vries, A Schepers, W. Stooker, A.B.A. Vonk, L. Eijsman, V.W.M. van Hinsbergh, S. Zeerleder, D. Wouters, M. van Ham, P.H.A. Quax, H.W.M. Niessen

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Abstract

OBJECTIVES: Arterial pressure induced vein graft injury can result in endothelial loss, accelerated atherosclerosis and vein graft failure. Inflammation, including complement activation, is assumed to play a pivotal role herein. Here, we analyzed the effects of C1-esterase inhibitor (C1inh) on early vein graft remodeling.

METHODS: Human saphenous vein graft segments (n=8) were perfused in vitro with autologous blood either supplemented or not with purified human C1inh at arterial pressure for 6h. The vein segments and perfusion blood were analyzed for cell damage and complement activation. In addition, the effect of purified C1inh on vein graft remodeling was analyzed in vivo in atherosclerotic C57Bl6/ApoE3 Leiden mice, wherein donor caval veins were interpositioned in the common carotid artery.

RESULTS: Application of C1inh in the in vitro perfusion model resulted in significantly higher blood levels and significantly more depositions of C1inh in the vein wall. This coincided with a significant reduction in endothelial loss and deposition of C3d and C4d in the vein wall, especially in the circular layer, compared to vein segments perfused without supplemented C1inh. Administration of purified C1inh significantly inhibited vein graft intimal thickening in vivo in atherosclerotic C57Bl6/ApoE3 Leiden mice, wherein donor caval veins were interpositioned in the common carotid artery.

CONCLUSION: C1inh significantly protects against early vein graft remodeling, including loss of endothelium and intimal thickening. These data suggest that it may be worth considering its use in patients undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting.

Original languageEnglish
Pages (from-to)86-92
Number of pages7
JournalAtherosclerosis
Volume220
Issue number1
DOIs
Publication statusPublished - Jan 2012

Keywords

  • Animals
  • Apolipoprotein E3
  • Atherosclerosis/complications
  • Blood Pressure
  • Complement C1 Inactivator Proteins/pharmacology
  • Complement C1 Inhibitor Protein
  • Complement C3d/metabolism
  • Complement C4b/metabolism
  • Coronary Artery Bypass/adverse effects
  • Disease Models, Animal
  • Endothelial Cells/drug effects
  • Humans
  • Male
  • Mice
  • Mice, Inbred C57BL
  • Mice, Transgenic
  • Neutrophil Infiltration
  • Peptide Fragments/metabolism
  • Perfusion
  • Saphenous Vein/drug effects
  • Time Factors
  • Vascular Grafting/adverse effects
  • Venae Cavae/drug effects

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