TY - JOUR
T1 - Clinical Features of Patients with Alzheimer's Disease and a History of Traumatic Brain Injury
AU - van Amerongen, Suzan
AU - Caton, Dewi K.
AU - Pijnenburg, Yolande A. L.
AU - Scheltens, Philip
AU - Vijverberg, Everard G. B.
N1 - Funding Information: Research of the Alzheimer Center Amsterdam is part of the neurodegeneration research program of Amsterdam Neuroscience. The Alzheimer Center Amsterdam is supported by Stichting Alzheimer Nederland and Stichting VUmc fonds. The chair of Wiesje van der Flier is supported by the Pasman Stichting. Funding Information: Everard G.B. Vijverberg received funding from Stichting Dioraphte as part of this research project. Publisher Copyright: © 2022 S. Karger AG. All rights reserved.
PY - 2022/9/16
Y1 - 2022/9/16
N2 - Introduction: Traumatic brain injury (TBI) has been associated with a greater risk of developing Alzheimer's disease (AD). Less is known about the clinical features of AD patients with TBI history. The objective of this study was to examine whether a history of TBI and specific injury characteristics are associated with differences in age of disease onset, cognitive features, and neuropsychiatric symptoms (NPSs) in AD patients. Methods: Biomarker-proven AD patients (CSF or amyloid PET) were selected from the Amsterdam Dementia Cohort. TBI events were classified by age at injury (TBI <25 or ≥25 years) and TBI severity (loss of consciousness, multiple events). Cognitive composite scores were calculated from results of a neuropsychological test battery. NPSs were assessed with the Neuropsychiatric Inventory Questionnaire (NPI-Q). Linear regression analyses were utilized to examine associations between TBI, TBI characteristics, and clinical outcome measures. Results: Among the 1,755 selected AD patients (mean age = 65.2 years), 166 (9.5%) had documented ≥1 TBI in their medical history. Overall, TBI history was not related to differences in age of disease onset, but age at injury <25 years old was associated with 2.3 years earlier age at symptom onset (B = -2.34, p = 0.031). No significant associations were found between TBI history or TBI characteristics and differences in cognition or NPSs. Conclusion: Our results underscore previous findings on the vulnerability of the brain during critical maturation phases and suggest that an early TBI may contribute to lower resilience to neurodegenerative changes.
AB - Introduction: Traumatic brain injury (TBI) has been associated with a greater risk of developing Alzheimer's disease (AD). Less is known about the clinical features of AD patients with TBI history. The objective of this study was to examine whether a history of TBI and specific injury characteristics are associated with differences in age of disease onset, cognitive features, and neuropsychiatric symptoms (NPSs) in AD patients. Methods: Biomarker-proven AD patients (CSF or amyloid PET) were selected from the Amsterdam Dementia Cohort. TBI events were classified by age at injury (TBI <25 or ≥25 years) and TBI severity (loss of consciousness, multiple events). Cognitive composite scores were calculated from results of a neuropsychological test battery. NPSs were assessed with the Neuropsychiatric Inventory Questionnaire (NPI-Q). Linear regression analyses were utilized to examine associations between TBI, TBI characteristics, and clinical outcome measures. Results: Among the 1,755 selected AD patients (mean age = 65.2 years), 166 (9.5%) had documented ≥1 TBI in their medical history. Overall, TBI history was not related to differences in age of disease onset, but age at injury <25 years old was associated with 2.3 years earlier age at symptom onset (B = -2.34, p = 0.031). No significant associations were found between TBI history or TBI characteristics and differences in cognition or NPSs. Conclusion: Our results underscore previous findings on the vulnerability of the brain during critical maturation phases and suggest that an early TBI may contribute to lower resilience to neurodegenerative changes.
KW - Age of onset
KW - Alzheimer s disease
KW - Cognition
KW - Neuropsychiatry
KW - Traumatic brain injury
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85139502682&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - https://doi.org/10.1159/000526243
DO - https://doi.org/10.1159/000526243
M3 - Article
C2 - 36262422
SN - 1664-5464
VL - 12
SP - 122
EP - 130
JO - Dementia and Geriatric Cognitive Disorders EXTRA
JF - Dementia and Geriatric Cognitive Disorders EXTRA
IS - 3
ER -