@article{f1dc815206b74a6cac9f1943c985a2ad,
title = "Comparison of Antibody Responses and Parasite Clearance in Artemisinin Therapeutic Efficacy Studies in the Democratic Republic of Congo and Asia",
abstract = "BACKGROUND: Understanding the effect of immunity on Plasmodium falciparum clearance is essential for interpreting therapeutic efficacy studies designed to monitor emergence of artemisinin drug resistance. In low-transmission areas of Southeast Asia, where resistance has emerged, P. falciparum antibodies confound parasite clearance measures. However, variation in naturally acquired antibodies across Asian and sub-Saharan African epidemiological contexts and their impact on parasite clearance re yet to be quantified. METHODS: In an artemisinin therapeutic efficacy study, antibodies to 12 pre-erythrocytic and erythrocytic P. falciparum antigens were measured in 118 children with uncomplicated P. falciparum malaria in the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC) and compared with responses in patients from Asian sites, described elsewhere. RESULTS: Parasite clearance half-life was shorter in DRC patients (median, 2 hours) compared with most Asian sites (median, 2-7 hours), but P. falciparum antibody levels and seroprevalences were similar. There was no evidence for an association between antibody seropositivity and parasite clearance half-life (mean difference between seronegative and seropositive, -0.14 to +0.40 hour) in DRC patients. CONCLUSIONS: In DRC, where artemisinin remains highly effective, the substantially shorter parasite clearance time compared with Asia was not explained by differences in the P. falciparum antibody responses studied.",
keywords = "antibodies, artemisinin, malaria, parasite, resistance",
author = "Cutts, {Julia C.} and Katherine O'Flaherty and Zaloumis, {Sophie G.} and Ashley, {Elizabeth A.} and Chan, {Jo Anne} and Onyamboko, {Marie A.} and Caterina Fanello and Dondorp, {Arjen M.} and Day, {Nicholas P.} and Phyo, {Aung Pyae} and Mehul Dhorda and Mallika Imwong and Fairhurst, {Rick M.} and Pharath Lim and Chanaki Amaratunga and Sasithon Pukrittayakamee and Hien, {Tran Tinh} and Ye Htut and Mayfong Mayxay and Faiz, {M. Abdul} and Eizo Takashima and Takafumi Tsuboi and Beeson, {James G.} and Francois Nosten and Simpson, {Julie A.} and White, {Nicholas J.} and Fowkes, {Freya J. I.}",
note = "Funding Information: This work was supported by the National Health and Medical Research Council of Australia (NHMRC) (project grant 1060785 to F. N., J. A. S., and F. J. I. F., program grant 637406 to J. G. B., and career development fellowship 1166753 to F.J.I.F., and leadership investigator grants 1077636 to J. G. B. and 1196068 to J.A.S.); the Australian Research Council (Future Fellowships FT130101122 to F. J. I. F. and FT0992317 to J. G. B.); the Ramaciotti Foundation (establishment grant 3245/2011 to F. J. I. F.); the Ian Potter Foundation (grant to F. J. I. F.); the Australian Centre for Research Excellence on Malaria Elimination, funded by the NHMRC of Australia (grant 1134989); the Victorian Operational Infrastructure Support Program (support to the Burnet Institute); the UK Department for International Development; the Worldwide Antimalarial Resistance Network; the Intramural Research Program of the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health; and the Wellcome Trust (grant 220211). Funding to pay the Open Access publication charges for this article was provided by the Burnet Institute. Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} The Author(s) 2022.",
year = "2022",
month = jul,
day = "15",
doi = "https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jiac232",
language = "English",
volume = "226",
pages = "324--331",
journal = "The Journal of Infectious Diseases",
issn = "0022-1899",
publisher = "Oxford University Press",
number = "2",
}