Determinants of reduced cognitive performance in HIV-1-infected middle-aged men on combination antiretroviral therapy

AUTHOR GROUP

doi:https://doi.org/10.1097/QAD.0000000000001017

Determinants of reduced cognitive performance in HIV-1-infected middle-aged men on combination antiretroviral therapy

AUTHOR GROUP

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › Academic › peer-review

55 Citations (Scopus)

Abstract

Objective: The spectrum of risk factors for HIV-associated cognitive impairment is likely very broad and includes not only HIV/antiretroviral therapy-specific factors but also other comorbid conditions. The purpose of this current study was to explore possible determinants for decreased cognitive performance. Design and methods: Neuropsychological assessment was performed on 103 HIV-1-infected men with suppressed viraemia on combination antiretroviral therapy for at least 12 months and 74 HIV-uninfected highly similar male controls, all aged at least 45 years. Cognitive impairment and cognitive performance were determined by multivariate normative comparison (MNC). Determinants of decreased cognitive performance and cognitive impairment were investigated by linear and logistic regression analysis, respectively. Results: Cognitive impairment as diagnosed by MNC was found in 17% of HIV-1-infected men. Determinants for decreased cognitive performance by MNC as a continuous variable included cannabis use, history of prior cardiovascular disease, impaired renal function, diabetes mellitus type 2, having an above normal waist-to-hip ratio, presence of depressive symptoms, and lower nadir CD4 ⁺ cell count. Determinants for cognitive impairment, as dichotomized by MNC, included cannabis use, prior cardiovascular disease, impaired renal function, and diabetes mellitus type 2. Conclusion: Decreased cognitive performance probably results from a multifactorial process, including not only HIV-associated factors, such as having experienced more severe immune deficiency, but also cardiovascular/metabolic factors, cannabis use, and depressive symptoms.

Original language	English
Pages (from-to)	1027-1038
Number of pages	12
Journal	AIDS
Volume	30
Issue number	7
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1097/QAD.0000000000001017
Publication status	Published - 24 Apr 2016

Keywords

HIV infection
HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders
cognitive impairment
determinants
risk factors

Access to Document

https://doi.org/10.1097/QAD.0000000000001017

Cite this

@article{e1b4e9e03bf64e2d961d1b6f446109c7,

title = "Determinants of reduced cognitive performance in HIV-1-infected middle-aged men on combination antiretroviral therapy",

abstract = "Objective: The spectrum of risk factors for HIV-associated cognitive impairment is likely very broad and includes not only HIV/antiretroviral therapy-specific factors but also other comorbid conditions. The purpose of this current study was to explore possible determinants for decreased cognitive performance. Design and methods: Neuropsychological assessment was performed on 103 HIV-1-infected men with suppressed viraemia on combination antiretroviral therapy for at least 12 months and 74 HIV-uninfected highly similar male controls, all aged at least 45 years. Cognitive impairment and cognitive performance were determined by multivariate normative comparison (MNC). Determinants of decreased cognitive performance and cognitive impairment were investigated by linear and logistic regression analysis, respectively. Results: Cognitive impairment as diagnosed by MNC was found in 17% of HIV-1-infected men. Determinants for decreased cognitive performance by MNC as a continuous variable included cannabis use, history of prior cardiovascular disease, impaired renal function, diabetes mellitus type 2, having an above normal waist-to-hip ratio, presence of depressive symptoms, and lower nadir CD4 + cell count. Determinants for cognitive impairment, as dichotomized by MNC, included cannabis use, prior cardiovascular disease, impaired renal function, and diabetes mellitus type 2. Conclusion: Decreased cognitive performance probably results from a multifactorial process, including not only HIV-associated factors, such as having experienced more severe immune deficiency, but also cardiovascular/metabolic factors, cannabis use, and depressive symptoms.",

keywords = "HIV infection, HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders, cognitive impairment, determinants, risk factors",

author = "Judith Schouten and Tanja Su and Wit, {Ferdinand W.} and Kootstra, {Neeltje A.} and Caan, {Matthan W.A.} and Geurtsen, {Gert J.} and Schmand, {Ben A.} and Stolte, {Ineke G.} and Maria Prins and Majoie, {Charles B.} and Peter Portegies and Peter Reiss and {AUTHOR GROUP} and {van der Valk}, M. and Kooij, {K. W.} and {van Zoest}, {R. A.} and Elsenga, {B. C.} and M. Martens and S. Moll and J. Berkel and L. M{\"o}ller and Visser, {G. R.} and Gras, {L. A. J.} and {van Leeuwen}, E. and Geerlings, {S. E.} and Godfried, {M. H.} and A. Goorhuis and {van der Meer}, {J. T. M.} and Nellen, {F. J. B.} and {van der Poll}, T. and Wiersinga, {W. J.} and Postema, {P. G.} and Bisschop, {P. H. L. T.} and Serlie, {M. J. M.} and E. Dekker and {de Rooij}, {S. E. J. A.} and L. Vogt and {van Eck-Smit}, {B. L. F.} and {de Jong}, M. and Richel, {D. J.} and Verbraak, {F. D.} and N. Demirkaya and Ruh{\'e}, {H. G.} and Nieuwkerk, {P. T.} and {van Steenwijk}, {R. P.} and {van Lunsen}, {H. W.} and {van den Born}, {B. J. H.} and Stroes, {E. S. G.}",

note = "Funding Information: Study funding: This work was supported by the Nuts-OHRA Foundation (grant no. 1003-026), Amsterdam, The Netherlands, as well as by The Netherlands Organisation for Health Research and Development (ZonMW) together with AIDS Fonds (grant nos 300020007 and 2009063, respectively). Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2016 Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. All rights reserved.",

year = "2016",

month = apr,

day = "24",

doi = "https://doi.org/10.1097/QAD.0000000000001017",

language = "English",

volume = "30",

pages = "1027--1038",

journal = "AIDS",

issn = "0269-9370",

publisher = "Lippincott Williams and Wilkins",

number = "7",

}

TY - JOUR

T1 - Determinants of reduced cognitive performance in HIV-1-infected middle-aged men on combination antiretroviral therapy

AU - Schouten, Judith

AU - Su, Tanja

AU - Wit, Ferdinand W.

AU - Kootstra, Neeltje A.

AU - Caan, Matthan W.A.

AU - Geurtsen, Gert J.

AU - Schmand, Ben A.

AU - Stolte, Ineke G.

AU - Prins, Maria

AU - Majoie, Charles B.

AU - Portegies, Peter

AU - Reiss, Peter

AU - AUTHOR GROUP

AU - van der Valk, M.

AU - Kooij, K. W.

AU - van Zoest, R. A.

AU - Elsenga, B. C.

AU - Martens, M.

AU - Moll, S.

AU - Berkel, J.

AU - Möller, L.

AU - Visser, G. R.

AU - Gras, L. A. J.

AU - van Leeuwen, E.

AU - Geerlings, S. E.

AU - Godfried, M. H.

AU - Goorhuis, A.

AU - van der Meer, J. T. M.

AU - Nellen, F. J. B.

AU - van der Poll, T.

AU - Wiersinga, W. J.

AU - Postema, P. G.

AU - Bisschop, P. H. L. T.

AU - Serlie, M. J. M.

AU - Dekker, E.

AU - de Rooij, S. E. J. A.

AU - Vogt, L.

AU - van Eck-Smit, B. L. F.

AU - de Jong, M.

AU - Richel, D. J.

AU - Verbraak, F. D.

AU - Demirkaya, N.

AU - Ruhé, H. G.

AU - Nieuwkerk, P. T.

AU - van Steenwijk, R. P.

AU - van Lunsen, H. W.

AU - van den Born, B. J. H.

AU - Stroes, E. S. G.

N1 - Funding Information: Study funding: This work was supported by the Nuts-OHRA Foundation (grant no. 1003-026), Amsterdam, The Netherlands, as well as by The Netherlands Organisation for Health Research and Development (ZonMW) together with AIDS Fonds (grant nos 300020007 and 2009063, respectively). Publisher Copyright: © 2016 Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. All rights reserved.

PY - 2016/4/24

Y1 - 2016/4/24

N2 - Objective: The spectrum of risk factors for HIV-associated cognitive impairment is likely very broad and includes not only HIV/antiretroviral therapy-specific factors but also other comorbid conditions. The purpose of this current study was to explore possible determinants for decreased cognitive performance. Design and methods: Neuropsychological assessment was performed on 103 HIV-1-infected men with suppressed viraemia on combination antiretroviral therapy for at least 12 months and 74 HIV-uninfected highly similar male controls, all aged at least 45 years. Cognitive impairment and cognitive performance were determined by multivariate normative comparison (MNC). Determinants of decreased cognitive performance and cognitive impairment were investigated by linear and logistic regression analysis, respectively. Results: Cognitive impairment as diagnosed by MNC was found in 17% of HIV-1-infected men. Determinants for decreased cognitive performance by MNC as a continuous variable included cannabis use, history of prior cardiovascular disease, impaired renal function, diabetes mellitus type 2, having an above normal waist-to-hip ratio, presence of depressive symptoms, and lower nadir CD4 + cell count. Determinants for cognitive impairment, as dichotomized by MNC, included cannabis use, prior cardiovascular disease, impaired renal function, and diabetes mellitus type 2. Conclusion: Decreased cognitive performance probably results from a multifactorial process, including not only HIV-associated factors, such as having experienced more severe immune deficiency, but also cardiovascular/metabolic factors, cannabis use, and depressive symptoms.

AB - Objective: The spectrum of risk factors for HIV-associated cognitive impairment is likely very broad and includes not only HIV/antiretroviral therapy-specific factors but also other comorbid conditions. The purpose of this current study was to explore possible determinants for decreased cognitive performance. Design and methods: Neuropsychological assessment was performed on 103 HIV-1-infected men with suppressed viraemia on combination antiretroviral therapy for at least 12 months and 74 HIV-uninfected highly similar male controls, all aged at least 45 years. Cognitive impairment and cognitive performance were determined by multivariate normative comparison (MNC). Determinants of decreased cognitive performance and cognitive impairment were investigated by linear and logistic regression analysis, respectively. Results: Cognitive impairment as diagnosed by MNC was found in 17% of HIV-1-infected men. Determinants for decreased cognitive performance by MNC as a continuous variable included cannabis use, history of prior cardiovascular disease, impaired renal function, diabetes mellitus type 2, having an above normal waist-to-hip ratio, presence of depressive symptoms, and lower nadir CD4 + cell count. Determinants for cognitive impairment, as dichotomized by MNC, included cannabis use, prior cardiovascular disease, impaired renal function, and diabetes mellitus type 2. Conclusion: Decreased cognitive performance probably results from a multifactorial process, including not only HIV-associated factors, such as having experienced more severe immune deficiency, but also cardiovascular/metabolic factors, cannabis use, and depressive symptoms.

KW - HIV infection

KW - HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders

KW - cognitive impairment

KW - determinants

KW - risk factors

UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=84954495812&partnerID=8YFLogxK

U2 - https://doi.org/10.1097/QAD.0000000000001017

DO - https://doi.org/10.1097/QAD.0000000000001017

M3 - Article

C2 - 26752277

SN - 0269-9370

VL - 30

SP - 1027

EP - 1038

JO - AIDS

JF - AIDS

IS - 7

ER -

Determinants of reduced cognitive performance in HIV-1-infected middle-aged men on combination antiretroviral therapy

Abstract

Keywords

Access to Document

Other files and links

Cite this