TY - JOUR
T1 - Diet quality at age 5–6 and cardiovascular outcomes in preadolescents
AU - Krijger, J. J. Anne
AU - Nicolaou, Mary
AU - Nguyen, Anh N.
AU - Voortman, Trudy
AU - Hutten, Barbara A.
AU - Vrijkotte, Tanja G. M.
N1 - Funding Information: This study was supported by the Netherlands Organization for Health Research and Development ( ZonMw ), The Dutch Heart Foundation and Sarphati Amsterdam . Publisher Copyright: © 2021 The Author(s) Copyright: Copyright 2021 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
PY - 2021/6
Y1 - 2021/6
N2 - Background & aims: Specific dietary components during childhood may affect risk factors for cardiovascular disease. Whether overall higher diet quality prevents children from adverse cardiovascular outcomes remains contradictive. We aimed to examine the associations between diet quality at age 5–6 years and cardiovascular outcomes after a 6-year follow-up. Methods: We used data from the Amsterdam Born Children and their Development study, a multi-ethnic birth cohort. Dietary intake was assessed at age 5–6 using a semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire and diet quality was ascertained with the Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) score and the child diet quality score (CDQS), an index specifically developed for Dutch school-age children. Cardiovascular outcomes were examined after 6-years follow-up (age 11–12, N = 869). Outcomes were body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), blood pressure (BP), lipid profile, fasting glucose and carotid intima-media thickness (CIMT). Multivariable linear and logistic regression models adjusted for baseline value were used to examine associations between diet quality and cardiovascular outcomes. Results: Higher diet quality at age 5–6 was associated with lower BMI (DASH score: Δ quintile (Q) 5 and Q1: −0.35 kg/m 2, p for trend = 0.016), lower WC (DASH score: Δ Q5 and Q1: −1.0 cm, p for trend = 0.028), lower systolic (DASH score: Δ Q5 and Q1: −2.7 mmHg, p for trend = 0.046) and diastolic BP (DASH score: Δ Q5 and Q1: −2.4, p for trend < 0.001) and with lower plasma triglycerides (DASH score: Δ Q5 and Q1: −0.20 mmol/L, p for trend = 0.032) after 6-years follow-up. Associations of the CDQS with these outcomes showed similar trends, but less pronounced. We found no statistically significant associations between diet quality and LDL-C, HDL-C, total cholesterol, fasting glucose or CIMT. Conclusions: Higher diet quality in childhood at age 5–6 years predicted better health on some cardiovascular outcomes in preadolescence.
AB - Background & aims: Specific dietary components during childhood may affect risk factors for cardiovascular disease. Whether overall higher diet quality prevents children from adverse cardiovascular outcomes remains contradictive. We aimed to examine the associations between diet quality at age 5–6 years and cardiovascular outcomes after a 6-year follow-up. Methods: We used data from the Amsterdam Born Children and their Development study, a multi-ethnic birth cohort. Dietary intake was assessed at age 5–6 using a semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire and diet quality was ascertained with the Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) score and the child diet quality score (CDQS), an index specifically developed for Dutch school-age children. Cardiovascular outcomes were examined after 6-years follow-up (age 11–12, N = 869). Outcomes were body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), blood pressure (BP), lipid profile, fasting glucose and carotid intima-media thickness (CIMT). Multivariable linear and logistic regression models adjusted for baseline value were used to examine associations between diet quality and cardiovascular outcomes. Results: Higher diet quality at age 5–6 was associated with lower BMI (DASH score: Δ quintile (Q) 5 and Q1: −0.35 kg/m 2, p for trend = 0.016), lower WC (DASH score: Δ Q5 and Q1: −1.0 cm, p for trend = 0.028), lower systolic (DASH score: Δ Q5 and Q1: −2.7 mmHg, p for trend = 0.046) and diastolic BP (DASH score: Δ Q5 and Q1: −2.4, p for trend < 0.001) and with lower plasma triglycerides (DASH score: Δ Q5 and Q1: −0.20 mmol/L, p for trend = 0.032) after 6-years follow-up. Associations of the CDQS with these outcomes showed similar trends, but less pronounced. We found no statistically significant associations between diet quality and LDL-C, HDL-C, total cholesterol, fasting glucose or CIMT. Conclusions: Higher diet quality in childhood at age 5–6 years predicted better health on some cardiovascular outcomes in preadolescence.
KW - Cardiovascular risk
KW - Childhood nutrition
KW - DASH diet
KW - Diet quality
KW - Longitudinal cohort study
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85103424656&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clnesp.2021.02.011
DO - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clnesp.2021.02.011
M3 - Article
C2 - 34024563
SN - 2405-4577
VL - 43
SP - 506
EP - 513
JO - Clinical Nutrition ESPEN
JF - Clinical Nutrition ESPEN
ER -