TY - JOUR
T1 - ESPEN Guidelines on Enteral Nutrition: Wasting in HIV and other chronic infectious diseases
AU - Ockenga, J.
AU - Grimble, R.
AU - Jonkers-Schuitema, C.
AU - Macallan, D.
AU - Melchior, J.-C.
AU - Sauerwein, H. P.
AU - Schwenk, A.
AU - Süttmann, U.
PY - 2006
Y1 - 2006
N2 - Undernutrition (wasting) is still frequent in patients infected with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), despite recent decreases in the prevalence of undernutrition in western countries (as opposed to developing countries) due to the use of highly active antiretroviral treatment. Undernutrition has been shown to have a negative prognostic effect independently of immunodeficiency and viral load. These guidelines are intended to give evidence-based recommendations for the use of enteral nutrition (EN) by means of oral nutritional supplements (ONS) and tube feeding (TF) in HIV-infected patients. They were developed by an interdisciplinary expert group in accordance with officially accepted standards and is based on all relevant publications since 1985. Nutritional therapy is indicated when significant weight loss (>5% in 3 months) or a significant loss of body cell mass (>5% in 3 months) has occurred, and should be considered when the body mass index (BMI) is <18.5 kg/m(2). If normal food intake including nutritional counselling and optimal use of ONS cannot achieve an adequate nutrient intake, TF with standard formulae is indicated. Due to conflicting results from studies investigating the impact of immune-modulating formulae, these are not generally recommended. The results obtained in HIV patients may be extrapolated to other chronic infectious diseases, in the absence of available data
AB - Undernutrition (wasting) is still frequent in patients infected with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), despite recent decreases in the prevalence of undernutrition in western countries (as opposed to developing countries) due to the use of highly active antiretroviral treatment. Undernutrition has been shown to have a negative prognostic effect independently of immunodeficiency and viral load. These guidelines are intended to give evidence-based recommendations for the use of enteral nutrition (EN) by means of oral nutritional supplements (ONS) and tube feeding (TF) in HIV-infected patients. They were developed by an interdisciplinary expert group in accordance with officially accepted standards and is based on all relevant publications since 1985. Nutritional therapy is indicated when significant weight loss (>5% in 3 months) or a significant loss of body cell mass (>5% in 3 months) has occurred, and should be considered when the body mass index (BMI) is <18.5 kg/m(2). If normal food intake including nutritional counselling and optimal use of ONS cannot achieve an adequate nutrient intake, TF with standard formulae is indicated. Due to conflicting results from studies investigating the impact of immune-modulating formulae, these are not generally recommended. The results obtained in HIV patients may be extrapolated to other chronic infectious diseases, in the absence of available data
U2 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clnu.2006.01.016
DO - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clnu.2006.01.016
M3 - Article*
C2 - 16698147
VL - 25
SP - 319
EP - 329
JO - Clinical nutrition (Edinburgh, Scotland)
JF - Clinical nutrition (Edinburgh, Scotland)
SN - 0261-5614
IS - 2
ER -