TY - JOUR
T1 - Faecal Metabolomics in Paediatric Inflammatory Bowel Disease
T2 - A Systematic Review
AU - Jagt, Jasmijn Z.
AU - Verburgt, Charlotte M.
AU - de Vries, Ralph
AU - de Boer, Nanne K. H.
AU - Benninga, Marc A.
AU - de Jonge, Wouter J.
AU - van Limbergen, Johan E.
AU - de Meij, Tim G. J.
N1 - Publisher Copyright: © The Author(s) 2022. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of European Crohn’s and Colitis Organisation.
PY - 2022/11/23
Y1 - 2022/11/23
N2 - BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Paediatric inflammatory bowel disease [IBD] is characterized by altered immunological and metabolic pathways. Metabolomics may therefore increase pathophysiological understanding and could develop into characterization of biomarkers for diagnosis and IBD treatment response. However, no uniform metabolomic profiles have been identified to date. This systematic review aimed to identify faecal metabolomic signatures in paediatric IBD vs controls, and to describe metabolites associated with disease activity and treatment response. METHODS: A literature search was performed in Embase, Medline, Web of Science and Cochrane Library. Studies assessing faecal metabolomics in paediatric patients < 18 years with IBD [de novo, active, inactive] with comparative groups [IBD vs non-IBD; responders vs non-responders] were included. The quality of included studies was assessed according to the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale. RESULTS: Nineteen studies were included [540 patients with IBD, 386 controls], assessing faecal short-chain fatty acids [SCFA] [five studies], amino acids [AA] [ten studies], bile acids [BA] [eight studies] and other metabolites [nine studies] using various methodologies. Significantly increased levels of AA [particularly phenylalanine], primary BA and lower levels of secondary BA were described in paediatric IBD compared to controls. Faecal SCFA results varied across studies. Additionally, responders and non-responders to exclusive enteral nutrition and infliximab showed differences in baseline faecal metabolites [based on BA, AA]. CONCLUSIONS: This systematic review provides evidence for distinct faecal metabolomic profiles in paediatric IBD. However, results varied across studies, possibly due to differences in study design and applied analytical techniques. Faecal metabolomics could provide more insight into host-microbial interactions in IBD, but further studies with standardized methodologies and reporting are needed.
AB - BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Paediatric inflammatory bowel disease [IBD] is characterized by altered immunological and metabolic pathways. Metabolomics may therefore increase pathophysiological understanding and could develop into characterization of biomarkers for diagnosis and IBD treatment response. However, no uniform metabolomic profiles have been identified to date. This systematic review aimed to identify faecal metabolomic signatures in paediatric IBD vs controls, and to describe metabolites associated with disease activity and treatment response. METHODS: A literature search was performed in Embase, Medline, Web of Science and Cochrane Library. Studies assessing faecal metabolomics in paediatric patients < 18 years with IBD [de novo, active, inactive] with comparative groups [IBD vs non-IBD; responders vs non-responders] were included. The quality of included studies was assessed according to the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale. RESULTS: Nineteen studies were included [540 patients with IBD, 386 controls], assessing faecal short-chain fatty acids [SCFA] [five studies], amino acids [AA] [ten studies], bile acids [BA] [eight studies] and other metabolites [nine studies] using various methodologies. Significantly increased levels of AA [particularly phenylalanine], primary BA and lower levels of secondary BA were described in paediatric IBD compared to controls. Faecal SCFA results varied across studies. Additionally, responders and non-responders to exclusive enteral nutrition and infliximab showed differences in baseline faecal metabolites [based on BA, AA]. CONCLUSIONS: This systematic review provides evidence for distinct faecal metabolomic profiles in paediatric IBD. However, results varied across studies, possibly due to differences in study design and applied analytical techniques. Faecal metabolomics could provide more insight into host-microbial interactions in IBD, but further studies with standardized methodologies and reporting are needed.
KW - Inflammatory bowel disease
KW - metabolomics
KW - paediatrics
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85142939358&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - https://doi.org/10.1093/ecco-jcc/jjac079
DO - https://doi.org/10.1093/ecco-jcc/jjac079
M3 - Article
C2 - 35679608
SN - 1873-9946
VL - 16
SP - 1777
EP - 1790
JO - Journal of Crohn's and Colitis
JF - Journal of Crohn's and Colitis
IS - 11
ER -