TY - JOUR
T1 - Functional cure of hepatitis B virus infection in individuals with hiv-coinfection
T2 - A literature review
AU - Boyd, Anders
AU - Dezanet, Lorenza N.C.
AU - Lacombe, Karine
N1 - Funding Information: A.B. and K.L. received funding from SIDACTION and the France REcherche Nord&sud Sida-hiv H?patites (ANRS) for much of the work on HIV-HBV co-infection presented in this literature review. L.N.C.D. was awarded a post-doctoral fellowship from the ANRS. Funding Information: Acknowledgments: A.B. and K.L. received funding from SIDACTION and the France REcherche Nord&sud Sida-hiv Hépatites (ANRS) for much of the work on HIV-HBV co-infection presented in this literature review. L.N.C.D. was awarded a post-doctoral fellowship from the ANRS. Publisher Copyright: © 2021 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.
PY - 2021/7
Y1 - 2021/7
N2 - In individuals infected with hepatitis B virus (HBV), the loss of hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) is the ultimate therapeutic goal, which defines “functional cure.” For individuals living with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), functional cure occurs roughly 2 per 100 person-years during potent anti-HBV containing antiretroviral therapy. Although this rate may be higher than expected in treated HBV mono-infected individuals, rates of functional cure widely vary between studies (0.6–10.5 per 100 person-years). Similar to HBV mono-infection, the phase of HBV infection, HBV (sub-)genotypes and hepatitis B “e” Ag-negative variants are associated with functional cure in treated HIV-HBV co-infection. In specifically HIV-HBV co-infected individuals, strong increases in CD4+ T cell counts after treatment initiation have also been linked to functional cure, yet this finding is inconsistent across studies. Several markers directly or indirectly reflecting HBV activity are being developed to predict functional cure, such as quantification of HBsAg, hepatitis B core-related antigen, HBsAg protein composition, anti-hepatitis B core antibodies and interferon-gamma-inducible protein 10. Few have been assessed during treatment in HIV-HBV co-infected individuals and none have been validated to predict functional cure. Novel therapeutics for HBV cure are essential for individuals with HIV-HBV co-infection and need to be separately evaluated in this population.
AB - In individuals infected with hepatitis B virus (HBV), the loss of hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) is the ultimate therapeutic goal, which defines “functional cure.” For individuals living with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), functional cure occurs roughly 2 per 100 person-years during potent anti-HBV containing antiretroviral therapy. Although this rate may be higher than expected in treated HBV mono-infected individuals, rates of functional cure widely vary between studies (0.6–10.5 per 100 person-years). Similar to HBV mono-infection, the phase of HBV infection, HBV (sub-)genotypes and hepatitis B “e” Ag-negative variants are associated with functional cure in treated HIV-HBV co-infection. In specifically HIV-HBV co-infected individuals, strong increases in CD4+ T cell counts after treatment initiation have also been linked to functional cure, yet this finding is inconsistent across studies. Several markers directly or indirectly reflecting HBV activity are being developed to predict functional cure, such as quantification of HBsAg, hepatitis B core-related antigen, HBsAg protein composition, anti-hepatitis B core antibodies and interferon-gamma-inducible protein 10. Few have been assessed during treatment in HIV-HBV co-infected individuals and none have been validated to predict functional cure. Novel therapeutics for HBV cure are essential for individuals with HIV-HBV co-infection and need to be separately evaluated in this population.
KW - Chronic hepatitis B
KW - HBsAg seroclearance
KW - HBsAg seroconversion
KW - Human immunodeficiency virus
KW - Nucleoside/nucleotide analogue
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85111071588&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - https://doi.org/10.3390/v13071341
DO - https://doi.org/10.3390/v13071341
M3 - Review article
C2 - 34372547
SN - 1999-4915
VL - 13
JO - Viruses
JF - Viruses
IS - 7
M1 - 1341
ER -