TY - JOUR
T1 - Fundamental aspects of learning minimally invasive surgical skills
AU - Dankelman, J.
AU - Chmarra, M. K.
AU - Verdaasdonk, E. G. G.
AU - Stassen, L. P. S.
AU - Grimbergen, C. A.
PY - 2005
Y1 - 2005
N2 - With the introduction of minimally invasive surgery (MIS) the necessity to develop training methods to learn skills outside the operating room (OR) became clear. Several training simulators have become commercially available. However, fundamental research into the requirements for effective and efficient training in MIS is still lacking. Yet in the literature several learning models have been described that may be used when designing the structure of a training program. While learning skills, three stages can be observed: cognitive, associative and autonomous. The learning cycle also includes different learning styles and, moreover, every trainee has his/her preferred learning style. Furthermore, training should be adapted to the level of behaviour: skill-based, rule-based or knowledge-based. Training of complex skills should include multiple performance objectives, such as just-in-time supportive information and part-task practice. Finally, motivation for training can be created by assessment. In conclusion, several theories on learning can be found in the literature. These theories may help in the development of effective training programs for training MIS skills outside the OR
AB - With the introduction of minimally invasive surgery (MIS) the necessity to develop training methods to learn skills outside the operating room (OR) became clear. Several training simulators have become commercially available. However, fundamental research into the requirements for effective and efficient training in MIS is still lacking. Yet in the literature several learning models have been described that may be used when designing the structure of a training program. While learning skills, three stages can be observed: cognitive, associative and autonomous. The learning cycle also includes different learning styles and, moreover, every trainee has his/her preferred learning style. Furthermore, training should be adapted to the level of behaviour: skill-based, rule-based or knowledge-based. Training of complex skills should include multiple performance objectives, such as just-in-time supportive information and part-task practice. Finally, motivation for training can be created by assessment. In conclusion, several theories on learning can be found in the literature. These theories may help in the development of effective training programs for training MIS skills outside the OR
U2 - https://doi.org/10.1080/13645700500272413
DO - https://doi.org/10.1080/13645700500272413
M3 - Review article
C2 - 16754171
SN - 1364-5706
VL - 14
SP - 247
EP - 256
JO - Minimally invasive therapy & allied technologies : MITAT
JF - Minimally invasive therapy & allied technologies : MITAT
IS - 4
ER -