TY - JOUR
T1 - Gut microbiome transitions across generations in different ethnicities in an urban setting—the HELIUS study
AU - van der Vossen, Eduard W. J.
AU - Davids, Mark
AU - Bresser, Lucas R. F.
AU - Galenkamp, Henrike
AU - Zwinderman, Aeilko H.
AU - Levin, Evgeni
AU - Nieuwdorp, Max
AU - de Goffau, Marcus C.
AU - van den Born, Bert-Jan H.
N1 - Funding Information: The HELIUS study is conducted by the Amsterdam University Medical Centers, location AMC and the Public Health Service of Amsterdam. Both organisations provide core support for HELIUS. Funding Information: The HELIUS study is also funded by the Dutch Heart Foundation [2010T084], the Netherlands Organization for Health Research and Development (ZonMw) [200500003], the European Union (FP-7) [278901], and the European Fund for the Integration of non-EU immigrants (EIF) [2013EIF013]. We are most grateful to the participants of the HELIUS study and the management team, research nurses, interviewers, research assistants, and other staff who have taken part in gathering the data of this study. This study was supported by additional grants. EvdV is supported by CVON In Control II [2018.27]. MN is supported by a ZONMW VICI grant 2020 [09150182010020]. MdG is supported by a Novo Nordisk Foundation CAMIT grant 2018. Publisher Copyright: © 2023, The Author(s).
PY - 2023/12/1
Y1 - 2023/12/1
N2 - Background: During the course of history, various important lifestyle changes have caused profound transitions of the gut microbiome. These include the introduction of agriculture and animal husbandry, a shift from a nomadic to a more sedentary lifestyle, and recently increased levels of urbanization and a transition towards a more Western lifestyle. The latter is linked with shifts in the gut microbiome that have a reduced fermentative capability and which are commonly associated with diseases of affluence. In this study, in which 5193 subjects are included, we investigated the direction of microbiome shifts that occur in various ethnicities living in Amsterdam by comparing 1st and 2nd generation participants. We furthermore validated part of these findings with a cohort of subjects that moved from rural Thailand to the USA. Results: The abundance of the Prevotella cluster, which includes P. copri and the P. stercorea trophic network, diminished in the 2nd generation Moroccans and Turks but also in younger Dutch, whilst the Western-associated Bacteroides/Blautia/Bifidobacterium (BBB) cluster, which has an inverse correlation with α-diversity, increased. At the same time, the Christensenellaceae/Methanobrevibacter/Oscillibacter trophic network, which is positively associated with α-diversity and a healthy BMI, decreased in younger Turks and Dutch. Large compositional shifts were not observed in South-Asian and African Surinamese, in whom the BBB cluster is already dominant in the 1st generation, but ASV-level shifts towards certain species, associated amongst others with obesity, were observed. Conclusion: The Moroccan and Turkish populations, but also the Dutch population are transitioning towards a less complex and fermentative less capable configuration of the gut microbiota, which includes a higher abundance of the Western-associated BBB cluster. The Surinamese, whom have the highest prevalence of diabetes and other diseases of affluence, are already dominated by the BBB cluster. Given the continuous increase in diseases of affluence, this devolution towards low-diversity and fermentatively less capable gut microbiome compositions in urban environments is a worrying development. [MediaObject not available: see fulltext.] Graphical Abstract: [Figure not available: see fulltext.]
AB - Background: During the course of history, various important lifestyle changes have caused profound transitions of the gut microbiome. These include the introduction of agriculture and animal husbandry, a shift from a nomadic to a more sedentary lifestyle, and recently increased levels of urbanization and a transition towards a more Western lifestyle. The latter is linked with shifts in the gut microbiome that have a reduced fermentative capability and which are commonly associated with diseases of affluence. In this study, in which 5193 subjects are included, we investigated the direction of microbiome shifts that occur in various ethnicities living in Amsterdam by comparing 1st and 2nd generation participants. We furthermore validated part of these findings with a cohort of subjects that moved from rural Thailand to the USA. Results: The abundance of the Prevotella cluster, which includes P. copri and the P. stercorea trophic network, diminished in the 2nd generation Moroccans and Turks but also in younger Dutch, whilst the Western-associated Bacteroides/Blautia/Bifidobacterium (BBB) cluster, which has an inverse correlation with α-diversity, increased. At the same time, the Christensenellaceae/Methanobrevibacter/Oscillibacter trophic network, which is positively associated with α-diversity and a healthy BMI, decreased in younger Turks and Dutch. Large compositional shifts were not observed in South-Asian and African Surinamese, in whom the BBB cluster is already dominant in the 1st generation, but ASV-level shifts towards certain species, associated amongst others with obesity, were observed. Conclusion: The Moroccan and Turkish populations, but also the Dutch population are transitioning towards a less complex and fermentative less capable configuration of the gut microbiota, which includes a higher abundance of the Western-associated BBB cluster. The Surinamese, whom have the highest prevalence of diabetes and other diseases of affluence, are already dominated by the BBB cluster. Given the continuous increase in diseases of affluence, this devolution towards low-diversity and fermentatively less capable gut microbiome compositions in urban environments is a worrying development. [MediaObject not available: see fulltext.] Graphical Abstract: [Figure not available: see fulltext.]
KW - Ethnicity
KW - Gut microbiota
KW - Machine learning
KW - Migration generation
KW - The HELIUS study
KW - Trophic network
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85158169611&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - https://doi.org/10.1186/s40168-023-01488-z
DO - https://doi.org/10.1186/s40168-023-01488-z
M3 - Article
C2 - 37158898
SN - 2049-2618
VL - 11
JO - Microbiome
JF - Microbiome
IS - 1
M1 - 99
ER -