How effective is integrated care for community-dwelling frail older people? The case of the Netherlands

Integrated care programs have been developed to enhance the quality care for older adults in primary care. These programs usually consist of a multidisciplinary approach, with personalised care based on comprehensive geriatric assessments. However, there is limited evidence for the effectiveness of these programs in frail older people. In this article, we review the results of three recent intervention studies carried out as part of the Dutch National Care for the Elderly Programme. The results illustrate how difficult it is to improve outcomes in community-dwelling frail older adults by means of integrated care. Furthermore, we discuss the implications of these studies for future research into frailty interventions.