@article{a3f9da1eb58e406497f40219c755ac9a,
title = "Impaired saccadic eye movements in multiple sclerosis are related to altered functional connectivity of the oculomotor brain network",
abstract = "Background: Impaired eye movements in multiple sclerosis (MS) are common and could represent a non-invasive and accurate measure of (dys)functioning of interconnected areas within the complex brain network. The aim of this study was to test whether altered saccadic eye movements are related to changes in functional connectivity (FC) in patients with MS. Methods: Cross-sectional eye movement (pro-saccades and anti-saccades) and magnetoencephalography (MEG) data from the Amsterdam MS cohort were included from 176 MS patients and 33 healthy controls. FC was calculated between all regions of the Brainnetome atlas in six conventional frequency bands. Cognitive function and disability were evaluated by previously validated measures. The relationships between saccadic parameters and both FC and clinical scores in MS patients were analysed using multivariate linear regression models. Results: In MS pro- and anti-saccades were abnormal compared to healthy controls A relationship of saccadic eye movements was found with FC of the oculomotor network, which was stronger for regional than global FC. In general, abnormal eye movements were related to higher delta and theta FC but lower beta FC. Strongest associations were found for pro-saccadic latency and FC of the precuneus (beta band β = -0.23, p = .006), peak velocity and FC of the parietal eye field (theta band β = -0.25, p = .005) and gain and FC of the inferior frontal eye field (theta band β = -0.25, p = .003). Pro-saccadic latency was also strongly associated with disability scores and cognitive dysfunction. Conclusions: Impaired saccadic eye movements were related to functional connectivity of the oculomotor network and clinical performance in MS. This study also showed that, in addition to global network connectivity, studying regional changes in MEG studies could yield stronger correlations.",
keywords = "Biomarkers, Brain network function, Eye movement, Magnetoencephalography, Multiple sclerosis, Neuro-ophthalmology",
author = "{Nij Bijvank}, {J. A.} and Strijbis, {E. M. M.} and Nauta, {I. M.} and Kulik, {S. D.} and Balk, {L. J.} and Stam, {C. J.} and A. Hillebrand and Geurts, {J. J. G.} and Uitdehaag, {B. M. J.} and {van Rijn}, {L. J.} and A. Petzold and Schoonheim, {M. M.}",
note = "Funding Information: J.A. Nij Bijvank is supported by the Dutch MS Research Foundation, grant nr. 18-1027. Serves on the editorial board (literature review) of Neuro-Ophthalmology. E.M. Strijbis reports no disclosures. I.M. Nauta is supported by the Dutch MS Research Foundation, grant nr. 15-911 -S. Kulik reports no disclosures. L.J. Balk reports no disclosures. C.J. Stam reports no disclosures. A. Hillebrand serves on the editorial board of Scientific Reports. J.J.G. Geurts is an editor of MS journal and serves on the editorial boards of Neurology and Frontiers of Neurology and is president of the Netherlands organization for health research and innovation andhas served as a consultant for Merck-Serono, Biogen, Novartis, Genzyme and Teva Pharmaceuticals. B.M.J. Uitdehaag has received consultancy fees from Biogen Idec, Genzyme, Merck Serono, Novartis, Roche and Teva. L.J. van Rijn reports no disclosures. A. Petzold reports personal fees from Novartis, Heidelberg Engineering, Zeiss, grants from Novartis,outside the submitted work; and is part of the steering committee of the OCTiMS study which issponsored by Novartis and the Angio-OCT steering committee which is sponsored by Zeiss. He doesnot receive compensation for these activities -M.M. Schoonheim serves on the editorial board of Frontiers of Neurology, receives research supportfrom the Dutch MS Research Foundation, and has received compensation for consulting services orspeaker honoraria from ExceMed, Genzyme and Biogen. Funding Information: This work was supported by the Dutch MS Research Foundation, grant nr. 18-1006MS. Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2021 The Author(s) Copyright: Copyright 2021 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.",
year = "2021",
month = jan,
day = "1",
doi = "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nicl.2021.102848",
language = "English",
volume = "32",
journal = "NeuroImage. Clinical",
issn = "2213-1582",
publisher = "Elsevier BV",
}