Incidence, risk factors and prevention of running related injuries in long-distance running: A systematic review injury, location and type

Until today, no systematic review exists on the epidemiology, etiology and prevention of tunning related injuries, in which a distinction is made between each running level. The purpose of this study was to perform a systematic review using three electronic databases. Data were pooled to become overall injury incidences and injury localizations. Injury incidence varies between 0.1 % and 2.6% (p<0.05). Most common injuries sustained by long-distance runners were found to be Achillestendinopathy, lliotibial Friction Syndrome (ITBS) and Medial Tibial Stress Syndrome (MTSS). Most common risk factors are age, running history and injury history. The only significant measure for runners was the use of orthoses in the prevention of MTSS and stress fracturés. Most of thé suggested preventing strategies in running lack convincing evidence of (non) randomized clinical trials or have hot yet been investigated. Therefore, suggestions for prevention and future research were made.