TY - JOUR
T1 - Limited Health Risks in Performing Drug Reconstitution and Handling Tasks in Pharmacies - Results of an Occupational Risk Assessment Study
AU - Crul, Mirjam
AU - Breukels, Oscar
AU - Ng, Shiwai
AU - Le Feber, Maaike
AU - Kuijpers, E
AU - Smeets, Oscar
N1 - Copyright © 2023 American College of Occupational and Environmental Medicine. Publisher Copyright: © Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. All rights reserved.
PY - 2023/4/1
Y1 - 2023/4/1
N2 - Objective Some drugs need processing before they can be administered or dispensed. We measured airborne exposure of pharmacy staff to small particles when performing these tasks. Methods Reconstitution of powdered drugs in vials; crushing, splitting, and counting of tablets; and opening of capsules, using different ventilation strategies, were investigated in five pharmacies after in a worst-case approach. Airborne particulate matter was determined for a range of particles sizes. Results Mean particle concentrations ranged from not detectable to 1.03 μg/m3 (<1 μm) and 589.7 μg/m3 (<10 μm). Dust exhaust made tasks safer. Most hazardous was pouring out tablets from a bulk supply, and least hazardous was reconstitution of a powder for injection. Conclusions Occupational exposure during routine handling of drugs can occur, but the risks vary greatly with the nature and duration of the tasks.
AB - Objective Some drugs need processing before they can be administered or dispensed. We measured airborne exposure of pharmacy staff to small particles when performing these tasks. Methods Reconstitution of powdered drugs in vials; crushing, splitting, and counting of tablets; and opening of capsules, using different ventilation strategies, were investigated in five pharmacies after in a worst-case approach. Airborne particulate matter was determined for a range of particles sizes. Results Mean particle concentrations ranged from not detectable to 1.03 μg/m3 (<1 μm) and 589.7 μg/m3 (<10 μm). Dust exhaust made tasks safer. Most hazardous was pouring out tablets from a bulk supply, and least hazardous was reconstitution of a powder for injection. Conclusions Occupational exposure during routine handling of drugs can occur, but the risks vary greatly with the nature and duration of the tasks.
KW - drug handling
KW - drug reconstitution
KW - inhalation exposure
KW - occupational exposure
UR - https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?partnerID=HzOxMe3b&scp=85152172341&origin=inward
UR - https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36728178
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85152172341&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - https://doi.org/10.1097/JOM.0000000000002781
DO - https://doi.org/10.1097/JOM.0000000000002781
M3 - Article
C2 - 36728178
SN - 1076-2752
VL - 65
SP - E204-E210
JO - Journal of occupational and environmental medicine
JF - Journal of occupational and environmental medicine
IS - 4
ER -