TY - JOUR
T1 - Longitudinal effects of environmental noise and air pollution exposure on autism spectrum disorder and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder during adolescence and early adulthood
T2 - The TRAILS study
AU - Li, Yiran
AU - Xie, Tian
AU - Cardoso Melo, Raniere Dener
AU - de Vries, Maaike
AU - Lakerveld, Jeroen
AU - Zijlema, Wilma
AU - Hartman, Catharina A.
N1 - Funding Information: This study used the data from the TRacking Adolescents’ Individual Lives Survey (TRAILS). TRAILS has been financially supported by grants from the Netherlands Organization for Scientific Research NWO ( Medical Research Council Program grant GB-MW 940-38-011 ; ZonMW Brainpower grant 100-001-004 ; ZonMw Risk Behaviour and Dependence grants 60-60600-97-118 ; ZonMw Culture and Health grant 261-98-710 ; Social Sciences Council Medium-Sized Investment grants GB-MaGW 480-01-006 and GB-MaGW 480-07-001 ; Social Sciences Council project grants GB-MaGW 452-04-314 and GB-MaGW 452-06-004 ; NWO Large-Sized Investment grant 175.010.2003.005 ; NWO Longitudinal Survey and Panel Funding 481-08-013 and 481-11-001 ; NOW Vici 016.130.002 and 453-16-007/2735 ; NWO Gravitation 024.001.003 ), the Dutch Ministry of Justice ( WODC ), the European Science Foundation ( EuroSTRESS project FP-006 ), the European Research Council ( ERC-2017-STG-757364 and ERC-CoG-2015-681,466 ), Biobanking and Biomolecular Resources Research Infrastructure BBMRI-NL ( CP 32 ), the Gratama Foundation , the Jan Dekker Foundation , the participating universities, and Accare Centre for Child and Adolescent Psychiatry . YL acknowledges the support of a joint scholarship from the China Scholarship Council and the University of Groningen (No. 202006380066 ). The funders had no role in study design, data analysis, or manuscript writing. Publisher Copyright: © 2023 The Authors
PY - 2023/6/15
Y1 - 2023/6/15
N2 - Background: Exposure to ambient noise and air pollution may affect the manifestation and severity of Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) and Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD). However, evidence is limited, and most studies solely assessed environmental exposures during pregnancy and early childhood. Objective: To examine the longitudinal effects of ambient noise and air pollutants on ASD and ADHD symptom severity during adolescence and early adulthood. Methods: Using a longitudinal design, we included 2750 children between 10 and 12 years old from the TRacking Adolescents' Individual Lives Survey (TRAILS) in the Netherlands, who were assessed in 6 waves from 2001 to 2017. ASD was measured by the Children's Social Behavior Questionnaire and the Adult Social Behavior Questionnaire. ADHD was measured by Child Behavior Checklist and the Adult Behavior Checklist. Ambient noise and air pollution exposures, including Ozone (O3), soot, sulfur dioxide (SO2), nitrogen dioxide (NO2), particulate matter 2.5 (PM2.5), and PM10 were modeled at the residential level according to standardized protocols. The longitudinal associations between exposures and symptom outcomes were examined using linear mixed models. Results: We found evidence that higher levels of exposure to PM were associated with more severe ASD and ADHD symptoms. This association decreased over time. We did not observe any other consistent associations of noise or other air pollutants with ASD and ADHD severity. Conclusion: The current study provides evidence for the negative impact of PM on ASD and ADHD symptoms. We did not find evidence of the negative health impact of other air pollutants and noise exposures on ASD or ADHD symptoms. Our study adds more evidence on the presence of associations between PM air pollution and neurodevelopmental diseases among adolescents and young adults.
AB - Background: Exposure to ambient noise and air pollution may affect the manifestation and severity of Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) and Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD). However, evidence is limited, and most studies solely assessed environmental exposures during pregnancy and early childhood. Objective: To examine the longitudinal effects of ambient noise and air pollutants on ASD and ADHD symptom severity during adolescence and early adulthood. Methods: Using a longitudinal design, we included 2750 children between 10 and 12 years old from the TRacking Adolescents' Individual Lives Survey (TRAILS) in the Netherlands, who were assessed in 6 waves from 2001 to 2017. ASD was measured by the Children's Social Behavior Questionnaire and the Adult Social Behavior Questionnaire. ADHD was measured by Child Behavior Checklist and the Adult Behavior Checklist. Ambient noise and air pollution exposures, including Ozone (O3), soot, sulfur dioxide (SO2), nitrogen dioxide (NO2), particulate matter 2.5 (PM2.5), and PM10 were modeled at the residential level according to standardized protocols. The longitudinal associations between exposures and symptom outcomes were examined using linear mixed models. Results: We found evidence that higher levels of exposure to PM were associated with more severe ASD and ADHD symptoms. This association decreased over time. We did not observe any other consistent associations of noise or other air pollutants with ASD and ADHD severity. Conclusion: The current study provides evidence for the negative impact of PM on ASD and ADHD symptoms. We did not find evidence of the negative health impact of other air pollutants and noise exposures on ASD or ADHD symptoms. Our study adds more evidence on the presence of associations between PM air pollution and neurodevelopmental diseases among adolescents and young adults.
KW - Air pollution
KW - Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder
KW - Autism spectrum disorder
KW - Longitudinal study
KW - Noise
KW - Particulate matter
UR - https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?partnerID=HzOxMe3b&scp=85150858300&origin=inward
UR - https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36940817
U2 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envres.2023.115704
DO - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envres.2023.115704
M3 - Article
C2 - 36940817
SN - 0013-9351
VL - 227
JO - Environmental Research
JF - Environmental Research
M1 - 115704
ER -