TY - JOUR
T1 - Longitudinal T-Cell Responses After a Third SARS-CoV-2 Vaccination in Patients With Multiple Sclerosis on Ocrelizumab or Fingolimod
AU - Target-to-B! (T2B!) SARS-CoV-2 study group
AU - Palomares Cabeza, Virginia
AU - Kummer, Laura Y. L.
AU - Wieske, Luuk
AU - Hagen, Ruth R.
AU - Duurland, Mariel
AU - Konijn, Veronique A. L.
AU - van Dam, Koos P. J.
AU - Stalman, Eileen W.
AU - van de Sandt, Carolien E.
AU - Boekel, Laura
AU - Verstegen, Niels J. M.
AU - Steenhuis, Maurice
AU - Rispens, Theo
AU - Tas, Sander W.
AU - Wolbink, Gertjan
AU - Killestein, Joep
AU - Kuijpers, Taco W.
AU - van Ham, S. Marieke
AU - Eftimov, Filip
AU - Brinke, Anja Ten
AU - van Kempen, Zoé L. E.
N1 - Publisher Copyright: Copyright © 2022 The Author(s). Published by Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. on behalf of the American Academy of Neurology.
PY - 2022/7/1
Y1 - 2022/7/1
N2 - OBJECTIVES: To evaluate whether a third vaccination shows an added effect on severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) T-cell responses in patients with multiple sclerosis treated with ocrelizumab or fingolimod. METHODS: This is a substudy of a prospective multicenter study on SARS-CoV-2 vaccination in patients with immune-mediated diseases. Patients with MS treated with ocrelizumab, fingolimod, and no disease-modifying therapies and healthy controls were included. The number of interferon (IFN)-γ secreting SARS-CoV-2-specific T cells at multiple time points before and after 3 SARS-CoV-2 vaccinations were evaluated. RESULTS: In ocrelizumab-treated patients (N = 24), IFN-γ-producing SARS-CoV-2-specific T-cell responses were induced after 2 vaccinations with median levels comparable to healthy controls (N = 12) and patients with MS without disease-modifying therapies (N = 10). A third vaccination in ocrelizumab-treated patients (N = 8) boosted T-cell responses that had declined after the second vaccination, but did not lead to higher overall T-cell responses as compared to immediately after a second vaccination. In fingolimod-treated patients, no SARS-CoV-2-specific T cells were detected after second (N = 12) and third (N = 9) vaccinations. DISCUSSION: In ocrelizumab-treated patients with MS, a third SARS-CoV-2 vaccination had no additive effect on the maximal T-cell response but did induce a boost response. In fingolimod-treated patients, no T-cell responses could be detected following both a second and third SARS-CoV-2 vaccination.
AB - OBJECTIVES: To evaluate whether a third vaccination shows an added effect on severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) T-cell responses in patients with multiple sclerosis treated with ocrelizumab or fingolimod. METHODS: This is a substudy of a prospective multicenter study on SARS-CoV-2 vaccination in patients with immune-mediated diseases. Patients with MS treated with ocrelizumab, fingolimod, and no disease-modifying therapies and healthy controls were included. The number of interferon (IFN)-γ secreting SARS-CoV-2-specific T cells at multiple time points before and after 3 SARS-CoV-2 vaccinations were evaluated. RESULTS: In ocrelizumab-treated patients (N = 24), IFN-γ-producing SARS-CoV-2-specific T-cell responses were induced after 2 vaccinations with median levels comparable to healthy controls (N = 12) and patients with MS without disease-modifying therapies (N = 10). A third vaccination in ocrelizumab-treated patients (N = 8) boosted T-cell responses that had declined after the second vaccination, but did not lead to higher overall T-cell responses as compared to immediately after a second vaccination. In fingolimod-treated patients, no SARS-CoV-2-specific T cells were detected after second (N = 12) and third (N = 9) vaccinations. DISCUSSION: In ocrelizumab-treated patients with MS, a third SARS-CoV-2 vaccination had no additive effect on the maximal T-cell response but did induce a boost response. In fingolimod-treated patients, no T-cell responses could be detected following both a second and third SARS-CoV-2 vaccination.
KW - Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized/therapeutic use
KW - COVID-19 Vaccines/immunology
KW - COVID-19/prevention & control
KW - Fingolimod Hydrochloride/therapeutic use
KW - Humans
KW - Immunity, Cellular
KW - Immunization, Secondary
KW - Interferon-gamma
KW - Multiple Sclerosis/drug therapy
KW - Prospective Studies
KW - SARS-CoV-2
KW - T-Lymphocytes/immunology
KW - Vaccination
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85130002023&partnerID=8YFLogxK
UR - https://pure.uva.nl/ws/files/113294886/Correction_Longitudinal_T_Cell_Responses_After_a_Third_SARS_CoV_2_Vaccination.pdf
U2 - https://doi.org/10.1212/NXI.0000000000001178
DO - https://doi.org/10.1212/NXI.0000000000001178
M3 - Article
C2 - 35523569
SN - 2332-7812
VL - 9
JO - Neurology® neuroimmunology & neuroinflammation
JF - Neurology® neuroimmunology & neuroinflammation
IS - 4
M1 - e1178
ER -