Low-GDP, pH-neutral solutions preserve peritoneal endothelial glycocalyx during long-term peritoneal dialysis

Naoya Sugiyama, Mitsuhiro Tawada, Ting Sun, Yasuhiro Suzuki, Hiroshi Kinashi, Makoto Yamaguchi, Takayuki Katsuno, Jan Aten, Carmen A. Vlahu, Toin H. van Kuppevelt, Yoshifumi Takei, Takuji Ishimoto, Shoichi Maruyama, Masashi Mizuno, Yasuhiko Ito

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Abstract

Background: During peritoneal dialysis (PD), solute transport and ultrafiltration are mainly achieved by the peritoneal blood vasculature. Glycocalyx lies on the surface of endothelial cells and plays a role in vascular permeability. Low-glucose degradation product (GDP), pH-neutral PD solutions reportedly offer higher biocompatibility and lead to less peritoneal injury. However, the effects on the vasculature have not been clarified. Methods: Peritoneal tissues from 11 patients treated with conventional acidic solutions (acidic group) and 11 patients treated with low-GDP, pH-neutral solutions (neutral group) were examined. Control tissues were acquired from 5 healthy donors of kidney transplants (control group). CD31 and ratio of luminal diameter to vessel diameter (L/V ratio) were evaluated to identify endothelial cells and vasculopathy, respectively. Immunostaining for heparan sulfate (HS) domains and Ulex europaeus agglutinin-1 (UEA-1) binding was performed to assess sulfated glycosaminoglycans and the fucose-containing sugar chain of glycocalyx. Results: Compared with the acidic group, the neutral group showed higher CD31 positivity. L/V ratio was significantly higher in the neutral group, suggesting less progression of vasculopathy. Both HS expression and UEA-1 binding were higher in the neutral group, whereas HS expression was markedly more preserved than UEA-1 binding in the acidic group. In vessels with low L/V ratio, which were found only in the acidic group, HS expression and UEA-1 binding were diminished, suggesting a loss of glycocalyx. Conclusion: Peritoneal endothelial glycocalyx was more preserved in patients treated with low-GDP, pH-neutral solution. The use of low-GDP, pH-neutral solutions could help to protect peritoneal vascular structures and functions.
Original languageEnglish
Pages (from-to)1035-1046
Number of pages12
JournalClinical and Experimental Nephrology
Volume25
Issue number9
Early online date2021
DOIs
Publication statusPublished - 1 Sept 2021

Keywords

  • Acidic
  • Endothelial glycocalyx
  • Peritoneal dialysis
  • Postcapillary venule
  • Vasculopathy
  • pH-neutral

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