TY - CHAP
T1 - Myocardial lipids—techniques and applications of proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy of the human heart
AU - Bakermans, Adrianus J.
PY - 2022/1/1
Y1 - 2022/1/1
N2 - Ectopic storage of lipids within the myocardium provides a readily available pool of fatty acids, and is crucial for the heart to maintain myocardial energy homeostasis during physiological challenges. Disturbed systemic and myocardial lipid metabolism and excess ectopic myocardial lipid accumulation or “myocardial steatosis” have been implicated in the pathogenesis of cardiomyopathy and heart failure in various diseases. Localized proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H-MRS) of the human heart allows for noninvasive quantitative assessments of the intracellular neutral lipid droplets that store (excess) fatty acids as triglycerides. This chapter presents techniques and applications of 1H-MRS of the heart. Methods of localized signal acquisition are introduced, particularly focusing on challenges and solutions that arise from the heart's beating motion as well as respiration. Aspects of myocardial metabolite content quantification are addressed so that results from in vivo studies can be put in perspective. The insights into human myocardial lipid metabolism in health and disease, obtained with 1H-MRS, are discussed. As such, this chapter presents how 1H-MRS has become a valuable tool to investigate ectopic myocardial lipid storage in many different conditions and pathologies.
AB - Ectopic storage of lipids within the myocardium provides a readily available pool of fatty acids, and is crucial for the heart to maintain myocardial energy homeostasis during physiological challenges. Disturbed systemic and myocardial lipid metabolism and excess ectopic myocardial lipid accumulation or “myocardial steatosis” have been implicated in the pathogenesis of cardiomyopathy and heart failure in various diseases. Localized proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H-MRS) of the human heart allows for noninvasive quantitative assessments of the intracellular neutral lipid droplets that store (excess) fatty acids as triglycerides. This chapter presents techniques and applications of 1H-MRS of the heart. Methods of localized signal acquisition are introduced, particularly focusing on challenges and solutions that arise from the heart's beating motion as well as respiration. Aspects of myocardial metabolite content quantification are addressed so that results from in vivo studies can be put in perspective. The insights into human myocardial lipid metabolism in health and disease, obtained with 1H-MRS, are discussed. As such, this chapter presents how 1H-MRS has become a valuable tool to investigate ectopic myocardial lipid storage in many different conditions and pathologies.
UR - https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?partnerID=HzOxMe3b&scp=85150098064&origin=inward
U2 - https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-822186-0.00007-9
DO - https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-822186-0.00007-9
M3 - Chapter
SN - 9780128230121
T3 - Visceral and Ectopic Fat: Risk Factors for Type 2 Diabetes, Atherosclerosis, and Cardiovascular Disease
SP - 99
EP - 115
BT - Visceral and Ectopic Fat: Risk Factors for Type 2 Diabetes, Atherosclerosis, and Cardiovascular Disease
PB - Elsevier
ER -