TY - JOUR
T1 - Neurodevelopmental outcomes of newborns and infants with parechovirus and enterovirus central nervous infection
T2 - a 5-year longitudinal study
AU - van Hinsbergh, Ted
AU - Elbers, Roy-G.
AU - Bouman, Zita
AU - van Furth, Marceline
AU - Obihara, Charlie
N1 - Funding Information: The authors thank all children and their parents and/or legal guardians, pediatricians, nurses in Elisabeth Hospital, Tweesteden Hospital, and Amphia Hospital for participating in this study; Mrs. S.C.M de Crom, MD, PhD for her work conceptualizing and designing the epidemiologic study; Mrs. E.J.M. Veldkamp, MD for her efforts during the inclusion phase; Mrs. C.A.M. Smid for her work as a study-secretary; and Mrs. N. Hmimsa, for her work as a planning-secretary. We are deeply indebted to late Dr. Marcel Peters, Microbiologist, one of the initiators of this research project. Publisher Copyright: © 2022, The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature.
PY - 2022/5/1
Y1 - 2022/5/1
N2 - Though parechovirus (PeV) and enterovirus (EV) are common causes of central nervous system (CNS) infection in childhood, little is known about their long-term neurologic/neurodevelopmental complications. We investigated, longitudinally over a 5-year period, motor neurodevelopment in term-born newborns and infants with RT-qPCR-confirmed PeV- or EV-CNS infection. Motor neurodevelopment was assessed with standardized tests: Alberta Infant Motor Scale (AIMS), Bayley Scales of Infant and Toddler Development version-3 (Bayley-3-NL), and Movement Assessment Battery for Children version-2 (M-ABC-2-NL) at 6, 12, 24, and 60 months post-infection. Results of children with PeV-CNS infection were compared with those of peers with EV-CNS infection and with Dutch norm references. In the multivariate analyses adjustments were made for age at onset, gender, maternal education, and time from CNS infection Sixty of 172 eligible children aged ≤ 3 months were included. Children with PeV-CNS infection had consistently lower, non-significant mean gross motor function (GMF) Z-scores, compared with peers with EV-CNS infection and population norm-referenced GMF. Their GMF improved between 6 and 24 months and decreased at 5 years. Their fine motor function (FMF) scores fell within the population norm reference. Conclusion: These results suggest that the impact of PeV-A3-CNS infection on gross motor neurodevelopment in young children might manifest later in life. They highlight the importance of longitudinal neurodevelopmental assessments of children with PeV-A3-CNS infection up to school age.What is Known:• Human parechovirus (PeV) is a major cause of central nervous system infection (CNS infection) in newborns and infants.• There is interest in the neurological and neurodevelopmental outcome of newborns and infants with PeV-A3-CNS infection.What is New:• This prospective study compares the motor neurodevelopment of term-born newborns and infants with PeV-A3-CNS infection with those with EV-CNS infection and with norm references.• The results support the importance of follow-up of newborns and infants with PeV-A3-CNS infection to detect subtle neurodevelopmental delay and start early interventions.
AB - Though parechovirus (PeV) and enterovirus (EV) are common causes of central nervous system (CNS) infection in childhood, little is known about their long-term neurologic/neurodevelopmental complications. We investigated, longitudinally over a 5-year period, motor neurodevelopment in term-born newborns and infants with RT-qPCR-confirmed PeV- or EV-CNS infection. Motor neurodevelopment was assessed with standardized tests: Alberta Infant Motor Scale (AIMS), Bayley Scales of Infant and Toddler Development version-3 (Bayley-3-NL), and Movement Assessment Battery for Children version-2 (M-ABC-2-NL) at 6, 12, 24, and 60 months post-infection. Results of children with PeV-CNS infection were compared with those of peers with EV-CNS infection and with Dutch norm references. In the multivariate analyses adjustments were made for age at onset, gender, maternal education, and time from CNS infection Sixty of 172 eligible children aged ≤ 3 months were included. Children with PeV-CNS infection had consistently lower, non-significant mean gross motor function (GMF) Z-scores, compared with peers with EV-CNS infection and population norm-referenced GMF. Their GMF improved between 6 and 24 months and decreased at 5 years. Their fine motor function (FMF) scores fell within the population norm reference. Conclusion: These results suggest that the impact of PeV-A3-CNS infection on gross motor neurodevelopment in young children might manifest later in life. They highlight the importance of longitudinal neurodevelopmental assessments of children with PeV-A3-CNS infection up to school age.What is Known:• Human parechovirus (PeV) is a major cause of central nervous system infection (CNS infection) in newborns and infants.• There is interest in the neurological and neurodevelopmental outcome of newborns and infants with PeV-A3-CNS infection.What is New:• This prospective study compares the motor neurodevelopment of term-born newborns and infants with PeV-A3-CNS infection with those with EV-CNS infection and with norm references.• The results support the importance of follow-up of newborns and infants with PeV-A3-CNS infection to detect subtle neurodevelopmental delay and start early interventions.
KW - Central nervous system infection
KW - Children
KW - Neurodevelopmental outcomes
KW - Parechovirus
UR - https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?partnerID=HzOxMe3b&scp=85124277936&origin=inward
UR - https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35119491
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85124277936&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s00431-022-04402-1
DO - https://doi.org/10.1007/s00431-022-04402-1
M3 - Article
C2 - 35119491
SN - 0340-6199
VL - 181
SP - 2005
EP - 2016
JO - European journal of pediatrics
JF - European journal of pediatrics
IS - 5
ER -