Outcomes after enterostomies in children with and without motility disorders: A description and comparison of postoperative complications

Purpose: To provide an overview of complications after ileostomy or colostomy procedures in children, and to compare outcomes between patients with gastrointestinal motility disorders (i.e. functional constipation, Hirschsprung's disease, pediatric intestinal pseudo-obstruction (PIPO)) and children without motility disorders (including necrotizing enterocolitis, anorectal malformation and inflammatory bowel disease). Methods: We performed a retrospective study of children who underwent an enterostomy procedure at our institution. The number and type of complications and subsequent reoperations after ostomy formation were determined. Complications were scored using the Clavien–Dindo classification. A complication of ≥ grade III-b was considered a high-grade complication. Results: 129 children with an ileostomy and 61 children with a colostomy were included. Of these, 62 children (32.6%) had motility disorders; functional constipation (n = 40), Hirschsprung's disease (n = 18) and PIPO (n = 4). The total prevalence of complications was 73.2%. Comparing the perioperative data, children with motility disorders significantly more often underwent a laparoscopic procedure (59.7% vs. 10.9%, p = 0.000) and had an end stoma-configuration (37.1% vs. 14.1%, p = 0.000) as compared to children without motility disorders. Children with motility problems had a higher complication rate (88.7% vs. 65.5%, OR 4.1, 95% CI 1.7–9.8, p = 0.001) compared to children without motility problems, and a larger proportion of complications was classified as high-grade complications (61.8% vs. 31.0% p = 0.002). Conclusion: A high complication rate after enterostomy formation was detected. Children with gastrointestinal motility disorders had more and more severe complications as compared to children without motility disorders. Level of evidence: Level III Type of study: Retrospective comparative study