TY - JOUR
T1 - Prediction of pathological response following neoadjuvant chemotherapy in patients with muscle-invasive bladder cancer
T2 - the PRE-PREVENCYS trial
AU - Hinsenveld, F. J.
AU - Noordman, B. J.
AU - Boormans, J. L.
AU - Voortman, J.
AU - van Leenders, G. J. L. H.
AU - van der Pas, S. L.
AU - van Beek, S. C.
AU - Oprea-Lager, D. E.
AU - Vis, A. N.
N1 - Funding Information: Members of the PRE-PREVENCYS study group: Dr. B.W.G. van Rhijn, urologist, The Netherlands Cancer Institute Antoni van Leeuwenhoek, Amsterdam. Dr. C. Wijburg, urologist, Rijnstate Hospital, Arnhem. Dr. A.G. van der Heijden, urologist, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen. Dr. R. Somford, urologist, Canisius-Wilhelmina Hospital, Nijmegen. Dr. R.P. Meijer, urologist, University Medical Centre Utrecht, Utrecht. Dr. P. Stijns, urologist, St. Antonius Hospital, Nieuwegein. Funding Information: The PRE-PREVENCYS trial is funded by the Koningin Wilhelmina Fonds Kankerbestrijding (KWF, Dutch Cancer Society). The funding body has no role in the design of the study and collection, analysis, and interpretation of data and in writing the manuscript. KWF is a Dutch funding organization that provides peer-review of all submitted grant applications. Publisher Copyright: © 2021, The Author(s).
PY - 2021/12/1
Y1 - 2021/12/1
N2 - Background: The recommended treatment for patients with non-metastatic muscle-invasive bladder cancer (MIBC) is neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) and radical cystectomy (RC). Following NAC, 20–40% of patients experience a complete pathological response (pCR) in the RC specimen and these patients have excellent long-term overall survival. Subject to debate is, however, whether patients with a pCR to NAC benefit from RC, which is a major surgical procedure with substantial morbidity, and if these patients might be candidates for close surveillance instead. However, currently it is not possible to accurately identify patients with a pCR to NAC in whom RC might be withheld. The objective of this study is to assess whether pathological response in the RC specimen after NAC can be predicted based on clinical, radiological, and histological variables and on a wide set of molecular biomarkers assessed in tissue, blood and urine. Methods: This is a multicentre, prospective cohort study, including patients with cT2a-T4a N0-N1 M0 urothelial cell MIBC who are scheduled to undergo cisplatin-based NAC followed by RC. Prior to start of therapy, a 2-Deoxy-2-[18F] fluorodeoxyglucose (18F-FDG) positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) is performed. Response to NAC is evaluated by CT-scan. Blood and urine, including cytology, are prospectively collected for biomarker analyses before and after NAC. Immediately before RC, participants undergo cystoscopy with bimanual examination and a re-staging transurethral resection (TUR) of all visible cancerous lesions or with biopsies from scar tissue. Subsequently, RC is performed in all patients. Tissue from the diagnostic TUR, the re-staging TUR, and the RC specimen is examined for the presence of urothelial cancer carcinoma and DNA and RNA is isolated for molecular analysis. The primary endpoint is the pathological stage (ypTN) in the RC and ePLND specimen and its association with clinical response. Discussion: If the PRE-PREVENCYS trial shows that the absence of residual disease after NAC in patients with MIBC is accurately predicted, a randomized controlled trial is scheduled comparing the overall survival of NAC plus RC versus NAC followed by close surveillance for patients with a clinically complete response (PREVENCYS trial). Trial registration: Netherlands Trial Register: NL8678; Registered 20 May 2020 https://www.trialregister.nl/trial/8678
AB - Background: The recommended treatment for patients with non-metastatic muscle-invasive bladder cancer (MIBC) is neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) and radical cystectomy (RC). Following NAC, 20–40% of patients experience a complete pathological response (pCR) in the RC specimen and these patients have excellent long-term overall survival. Subject to debate is, however, whether patients with a pCR to NAC benefit from RC, which is a major surgical procedure with substantial morbidity, and if these patients might be candidates for close surveillance instead. However, currently it is not possible to accurately identify patients with a pCR to NAC in whom RC might be withheld. The objective of this study is to assess whether pathological response in the RC specimen after NAC can be predicted based on clinical, radiological, and histological variables and on a wide set of molecular biomarkers assessed in tissue, blood and urine. Methods: This is a multicentre, prospective cohort study, including patients with cT2a-T4a N0-N1 M0 urothelial cell MIBC who are scheduled to undergo cisplatin-based NAC followed by RC. Prior to start of therapy, a 2-Deoxy-2-[18F] fluorodeoxyglucose (18F-FDG) positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) is performed. Response to NAC is evaluated by CT-scan. Blood and urine, including cytology, are prospectively collected for biomarker analyses before and after NAC. Immediately before RC, participants undergo cystoscopy with bimanual examination and a re-staging transurethral resection (TUR) of all visible cancerous lesions or with biopsies from scar tissue. Subsequently, RC is performed in all patients. Tissue from the diagnostic TUR, the re-staging TUR, and the RC specimen is examined for the presence of urothelial cancer carcinoma and DNA and RNA is isolated for molecular analysis. The primary endpoint is the pathological stage (ypTN) in the RC and ePLND specimen and its association with clinical response. Discussion: If the PRE-PREVENCYS trial shows that the absence of residual disease after NAC in patients with MIBC is accurately predicted, a randomized controlled trial is scheduled comparing the overall survival of NAC plus RC versus NAC followed by close surveillance for patients with a clinically complete response (PREVENCYS trial). Trial registration: Netherlands Trial Register: NL8678; Registered 20 May 2020 https://www.trialregister.nl/trial/8678
KW - Bladder cancer
KW - Bladder-sparing
KW - Cancer biomarkers
KW - Cystectomy
KW - Neoadjuvant chemotherapy
KW - Residual tumour
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85118276617&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - https://doi.org/10.1186/s12885-021-08840-2
DO - https://doi.org/10.1186/s12885-021-08840-2
M3 - Article
C2 - 34715822
SN - 1471-2407
VL - 21
SP - 1161
JO - BMC Cancer
JF - BMC Cancer
IS - 1
M1 - 1161
ER -