TY - JOUR
T1 - Premorbid Adjustment and IQ in Patients With First-Episode Psychosis
T2 - A Multisite Case-Control Study of Their Relationship With Cannabis Use
AU - WP2 EU-GEI GROUP
AU - Ferraro, Laura
AU - La Cascia, Caterina
AU - Quattrone, Diego
AU - Sideli, Lucia
AU - Matranga, Domenica
AU - Capuccio, Veronica
AU - Tripoli, Giada
AU - Gayer-Anderson, Charlotte
AU - Morgan, Craig
AU - Sami, Musa B
AU - Sham, Pak
AU - de Haan, Lieuwe
AU - Velthorst, Eva
AU - Jongsma, Hannah E
AU - Kirkbride, James B
AU - Rutten, Bart P F
AU - Richards, Alexander L
AU - Roldan, Laura
AU - Arango, Celso
AU - Bernardo, Miquel
AU - Bobes, Julio
AU - Sanjuan, Julio
AU - Santos, Jose Luis
AU - Arrojo, Manuel
AU - Tarricone, Ilaria
AU - Tortelli, Andrea
AU - Szöke, Andrei
AU - Del-Ben, Cristina Marta
AU - Selten, Jean-Paul
AU - Lynskey, Michael
AU - Jones, Peter B
AU - Van Os, Jim
AU - La Barbera, Daniele
AU - Murray, Robin M
AU - Di Forti, Marta
AU - Amoretti, Silvia
AU - Baudin, Grégoire
AU - Beards, Stephanie
AU - Berardi, Domenico
AU - Bonetto, Chiara
AU - Cabrera, Bibiana
AU - Carracedo, Angel
AU - Charpeaud, Thomas
AU - Costas, Javier
AU - Cristofalo, Doriana
AU - Cuadrado, Pedro
AU - Ferchiou, Aziz
AU - Franke, Nathalie
AU - Frijda, Flora
AU - García Bernardo, Enrique
AU - Garcia-Portilla, Paz
AU - González Peñas, Javier
AU - González, Emiliano
AU - Hubbard, Kathryn
AU - Jamain, Stéphane
AU - Jiménez-López, Estela
AU - Lasalvia, Antonio
AU - Leboyer, Marion
AU - López Montoya, Gonzalo
AU - Lorente-Rovira, Esther
AU - M Díaz-Caneja, Covadonga
AU - Marcelino Loureiro, Camila
AU - Marrazzo, Giovanna
AU - Martínez, Covadonga
AU - Matteis, Mario
AU - Messchaart, Elles
AU - Moltó, Ma Dolores
AU - Moreno, Carmen
AU - Juan, Nacher
AU - Olmeda, Ma Soledad
AU - Parellada, Mara
AU - Pignon, Baptiste
AU - Rapado, Marta
AU - Richard, Jean Romain
AU - Rodríguez Solano, José Juan
AU - Rossi Menezes, Paulo
AU - Ruggeri, Mirella
AU - Sáiz, Pilar A.
AU - Sánchez-Gutierrez, Teresa
AU - Sánchez, Emilio
AU - Sartorio, Crocettarachele
AU - Schürhoff, Franck
AU - Seminerio, Fabio
AU - Shuhama, Rosana
AU - Stilo, Simona A.
AU - Termorshuizen, Fabian
AU - Tosato, Sarah
AU - Tronche, Anne Marie
AU - Van Dam, Daniella
AU - Van Der Ven, Elsje
N1 - © The Author(s) 2019. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Maryland Psychiatric Research Center.All rights reserved. For permissions, please email: journals.permissions@oup.com.
PY - 2020/4/10
Y1 - 2020/4/10
N2 - Psychotic patients with a lifetime history of cannabis use generally show better cognitive functioning than other psychotic patients. Some authors suggest that cannabis-using patients may have been less cognitively impaired and less socially withdrawn in their premorbid life. Using a dataset comprising 948 patients with first-episode psychosis (FEP) and 1313 population controls across 6 countries, we examined the extent to which IQ and both early academic (Academic Factor [AF]) and social adjustment (Social Factor [SF]) are related to the lifetime frequency of cannabis use in both patients and controls. We expected a higher IQ and a better premorbid social adjustment in psychotic patients who had ever used cannabis compared to patients without any history of use. We did not expect such differences in controls. In both patients and controls, IQ was 3 points higher among occasional-users than in never-users (mean difference [Mdiff] = 2.9, 95% CI = [1.2, 4.7]). Both cases and control daily-users had lower AF compared to occasional (Mdiff = -0.3, 95% CI = [-0.5; -0.2]) and never-users (Mdiff = -0.4, 95% CI = [-0.6; -0.2]). Finally, patient occasional (Mdiff = 0.3, 95% CI = [0.1; 0.5]) and daily-users (Mdiff = 0.4, 95% CI = [0.2; 0.6]) had better SF than their never-using counterparts. This difference was not present in controls (Fgroup*frequency(2, 2205) = 4.995, P = .007). Our findings suggest that the better premorbid social functioning of FEP with a history of cannabis use may have contributed to their likelihood to begin using cannabis, exposing them to its reported risk-increasing effects for Psychotic Disorders.
AB - Psychotic patients with a lifetime history of cannabis use generally show better cognitive functioning than other psychotic patients. Some authors suggest that cannabis-using patients may have been less cognitively impaired and less socially withdrawn in their premorbid life. Using a dataset comprising 948 patients with first-episode psychosis (FEP) and 1313 population controls across 6 countries, we examined the extent to which IQ and both early academic (Academic Factor [AF]) and social adjustment (Social Factor [SF]) are related to the lifetime frequency of cannabis use in both patients and controls. We expected a higher IQ and a better premorbid social adjustment in psychotic patients who had ever used cannabis compared to patients without any history of use. We did not expect such differences in controls. In both patients and controls, IQ was 3 points higher among occasional-users than in never-users (mean difference [Mdiff] = 2.9, 95% CI = [1.2, 4.7]). Both cases and control daily-users had lower AF compared to occasional (Mdiff = -0.3, 95% CI = [-0.5; -0.2]) and never-users (Mdiff = -0.4, 95% CI = [-0.6; -0.2]). Finally, patient occasional (Mdiff = 0.3, 95% CI = [0.1; 0.5]) and daily-users (Mdiff = 0.4, 95% CI = [0.2; 0.6]) had better SF than their never-using counterparts. This difference was not present in controls (Fgroup*frequency(2, 2205) = 4.995, P = .007). Our findings suggest that the better premorbid social functioning of FEP with a history of cannabis use may have contributed to their likelihood to begin using cannabis, exposing them to its reported risk-increasing effects for Psychotic Disorders.
KW - cognition
KW - education
KW - marijuana
KW - preillness
KW - schizophrenia
KW - sociability
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85075593184&partnerID=8YFLogxK
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U2 - https://doi.org/10.1093/schbul/sbz077
DO - https://doi.org/10.1093/schbul/sbz077
M3 - Article
C2 - 31361020
SN - 0586-7614
VL - 46
SP - 517
EP - 529
JO - Schizophrenia Bulletin
JF - Schizophrenia Bulletin
IS - 3
ER -