TY - JOUR
T1 - Protection of COVID-19 vaccination and previous infection against Omicron BA.1, BA.2 and Delta SARS-CoV-2 infections
AU - Andeweg, Stijn P.
AU - de Gier, Brechje
AU - Eggink, Dirk
AU - van den Ende, Caroline
AU - van Maarseveen, Noortje
AU - Ali, Lubna
AU - Vlaemynck, Boris
AU - Schepers, Raf
AU - Hahné, Susan J. M.
AU - Reusken, Chantal B. E. M.
AU - de Melker, Hester E.
AU - van den Hof, Susan
AU - Knol, Mirjam J.
N1 - Funding Information: The authors would like to thank all personnel at the 25 Public Health Services, and the members of the RIVM COVID-19 surveillance and epidemiology team: Agnetha Hofhuis, Anne Teirlinck, Anne-Wil Valk, Bronke Boudewijns, Carolien Verstraten, Claudia Laarman, Femke Jongenotter, Fleur Petit, Guido Willekens, Irene Veldhuijzen, Jan Polman, Jan van de Kassteele, Janneke van Heereveld, Janneke Heijne, Kirsten Bulsink, Liselotte van Asten, Liz Jenniskens, Lieke Wielders, Loes Soetens, Maarten Mulder, Maarten Schipper, Marit de Lange, Naomi Smorenburg, Nienke Neppelenbroek, Patrick van den Berg, Priscila de Oliveira Bressane Lima, Rolina van Gaalen, Senna van Iersel, Siméon de Bruijn, Sjoerd Wierenga, Susan Lanooij, Sylvia Keijser, Tara Smit, Thomas Dalhuisen, Don Klinkenberg, Jantien Backer, Pieter de Boer, Scott McDonald, Amber Maxwell, Annabel Niessen, Danytza Berry, Daphne van Wees, Henri van Werkhoven, Eric Vos, Frederika Dijkstra, Jeanet Kemmeren, Kylie Ainslie, Albert Jan van Hoek, Birgit van Benthem, Eveline Geubbels, Jacco Wallinga, Rianne van Gageldonk-Lafeber. This work was funded by the Ministry of Health, Welfare and Sports (VWS). Publisher Copyright: © 2022, The Author(s).
PY - 2022/12/1
Y1 - 2022/12/1
N2 - Given the emergence of the SARS-CoV-2 Omicron BA.1 and BA.2 variants and the roll-out of booster COVID-19 vaccination, evidence is needed on protection conferred by primary vaccination, booster vaccination and previous SARS-CoV-2 infection by variant. We employed a test-negative design on S-gene target failure data from community PCR testing in the Netherlands from 22 November 2021 to 31 March 2022 (n = 671,763). Previous infection, primary vaccination or both protected well against Delta infection. Protection against Omicron BA.1 infection was much lower compared to Delta. Protection was similar against Omicron BA.1 compared to BA.2 infection after previous infection, primary and booster vaccination. Higher protection was observed against all variants in individuals with both vaccination and previous infection compared with either one. Protection against all variants decreased over time since last vaccination or infection. We found that primary vaccination with current COVID-19 vaccines and previous SARS-CoV-2 infections offered low protection against Omicron BA.1 and BA.2 infection. Booster vaccination considerably increased protection against Omicron infection, but decreased rapidly after vaccination.
AB - Given the emergence of the SARS-CoV-2 Omicron BA.1 and BA.2 variants and the roll-out of booster COVID-19 vaccination, evidence is needed on protection conferred by primary vaccination, booster vaccination and previous SARS-CoV-2 infection by variant. We employed a test-negative design on S-gene target failure data from community PCR testing in the Netherlands from 22 November 2021 to 31 March 2022 (n = 671,763). Previous infection, primary vaccination or both protected well against Delta infection. Protection against Omicron BA.1 infection was much lower compared to Delta. Protection was similar against Omicron BA.1 compared to BA.2 infection after previous infection, primary and booster vaccination. Higher protection was observed against all variants in individuals with both vaccination and previous infection compared with either one. Protection against all variants decreased over time since last vaccination or infection. We found that primary vaccination with current COVID-19 vaccines and previous SARS-CoV-2 infections offered low protection against Omicron BA.1 and BA.2 infection. Booster vaccination considerably increased protection against Omicron infection, but decreased rapidly after vaccination.
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85135817888&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-022-31838-8
DO - https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-022-31838-8
M3 - Article
C2 - 35961956
SN - 2041-1723
VL - 13
JO - Nature communications
JF - Nature communications
IS - 1
M1 - 4738
ER -