TY - JOUR
T1 - Psychological factors for the onset of depression: A meta-analysis of prospective studies
T2 - A meta-analysis of prospective studies
AU - Fu, Zhongfang
AU - Brouwer, Marlies
AU - Kennis, Mitzy
AU - Williams, Alishia
AU - Cuijpers, Pim
AU - Bockting, Claudi
N1 - Funding Information: Funding This study was partially supported by Netherlands Institute for Advanced Study in the Humanities and Social Sciences (NIAS),Grant awarded to Professor C Bockting (“My Optimism Wears Heavy Boots: So much research, so few implications, towards ‘patient-proof’ empirical models and more effective interventions in mental health”) Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences (KNAW). Publisher Copyright: © 2021 BioMed Central Ltd.. All rights reserved. Copyright: Copyright 2021 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
PY - 2021/7/29
Y1 - 2021/7/29
N2 - Objectives A comprehensive overview of the evidence for factors derived from leading psychological theories of the onset of major depressive disorder (MDD) that underpin psychological interventions is scarce. We aimed to systematically investigate the prospective evidence for factors derived from the behavioural, cognitive, diathesis-stress, psychodynamic and personality-based theories for the first onset of MDD. Design Systematic review and meta-analysis. Methods Databases PubMed, PsycINFO, Cochrane and Embase and published articles were systematically searched from inception up to August 2019. Prospective, longitudinal studies that investigated theory-derived factors before the first onset of MDD, established by a clinical interview, were included. Screening, selection and data extraction of articles were conducted by two screeners. The Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation criteria were used to estimate level of confidence and risk of bias. Meta-analysis was conducted using random-effects models and mixed-method subgroup analyses. Primary and secondary outcome measures Effect size of a factor predicting the onset of MDD (OR, risk ratio or HR). Results From 42 133 original records published to August 2019, 26 studies met the inclusion criteria. Data were only available for the cognitive (n=6585) and personality-based (n=14 394) theories. Factors derived from cognitive theories and personality-based theories were related to increased odds of MDD onset (pooled OR=2.12, 95% CI: 1.12 to 4.00; pooled OR=2.43, 95% CI: 1.41 to 4.19). Publication bias and considerable heterogeneity were observed. Conclusion There is some evidence that factors derived from cognitive and personality-based theories indeed predict the onset of MDD (ie, dysfunctional attitudes and negative emotionality). There were no studies that prospectively studied factors derived from psychodynamic theories and not enough studies to examine the robust evidence for behavioural and diathesis-stress theories. Overall, the prospective evidence for psychological factors of MDD is limited, and more research on the leading psychological theories is needed. PROSPERO registration number CRD42017073975.
AB - Objectives A comprehensive overview of the evidence for factors derived from leading psychological theories of the onset of major depressive disorder (MDD) that underpin psychological interventions is scarce. We aimed to systematically investigate the prospective evidence for factors derived from the behavioural, cognitive, diathesis-stress, psychodynamic and personality-based theories for the first onset of MDD. Design Systematic review and meta-analysis. Methods Databases PubMed, PsycINFO, Cochrane and Embase and published articles were systematically searched from inception up to August 2019. Prospective, longitudinal studies that investigated theory-derived factors before the first onset of MDD, established by a clinical interview, were included. Screening, selection and data extraction of articles were conducted by two screeners. The Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation criteria were used to estimate level of confidence and risk of bias. Meta-analysis was conducted using random-effects models and mixed-method subgroup analyses. Primary and secondary outcome measures Effect size of a factor predicting the onset of MDD (OR, risk ratio or HR). Results From 42 133 original records published to August 2019, 26 studies met the inclusion criteria. Data were only available for the cognitive (n=6585) and personality-based (n=14 394) theories. Factors derived from cognitive theories and personality-based theories were related to increased odds of MDD onset (pooled OR=2.12, 95% CI: 1.12 to 4.00; pooled OR=2.43, 95% CI: 1.41 to 4.19). Publication bias and considerable heterogeneity were observed. Conclusion There is some evidence that factors derived from cognitive and personality-based theories indeed predict the onset of MDD (ie, dysfunctional attitudes and negative emotionality). There were no studies that prospectively studied factors derived from psychodynamic theories and not enough studies to examine the robust evidence for behavioural and diathesis-stress theories. Overall, the prospective evidence for psychological factors of MDD is limited, and more research on the leading psychological theories is needed. PROSPERO registration number CRD42017073975.
KW - depression & mood disorders
KW - epidemiology
KW - psychiatry
KW - statistics & research methods
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85112048364&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2021-050129
DO - https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2021-050129
M3 - Article
C2 - 34326055
SN - 2044-6055
VL - 11
JO - BMJ Open
JF - BMJ Open
IS - 7
M1 - e050129
ER -