TY - JOUR
T1 - Psychosocial outcomes in long-term Dutch adult survivors of childhood cancer
T2 - The DCCSS-LATER 2 psycho-oncology study
AU - Maas, Anne
AU - Maurice-Stam, Heleen
AU - Kremer, Leontien C. M.
AU - van der Aa-van Delden, Alied
AU - van Dulmen-den Broeder, Eline
AU - Tissing, Wim J. E.
AU - Loonen, Jacqueline J.
AU - van der Pal, Helena J. H.
AU - de Vries, Andrica C. H.
AU - van den Heuvel-Eibrink, Marry M.
AU - Ronckers, C. cile
AU - Neggers, Sebastian
AU - Bresters, Dorine
AU - Dutch LATER Study Group
AU - Louwerens, Marloes
AU - van der Heiden-van der Loo, Margriet
AU - van Gorp, Marloes
AU - Grootenhuis, Martha
N1 - Funding Information: This research was funded by the KiKa Foundation (grant no.361) and by KiKa/ODAS (grant no. 171). Funding Information: The authors thank all participating childhood cancer survivors for their contributions and all data managers and research assistants who contributed to the DCCSS‐LATER study. The authors further thank Prof. Ad Vingerhoets for providing the HADS reference group. This research was funded by the KiKa Foundation (grant no. 361) and by KiKa/ODAS (grant no. 171). The authors have no relevant financial or nonfinancial interests to disclose. Publisher Copyright: © 2023 The Authors. Cancer published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of American Cancer Society.
PY - 2023/8/15
Y1 - 2023/8/15
N2 - Background: This study compares a comprehensive range of psychosocial outcomes of adult childhood cancer survivors (CCS) to general population-based references and identifies sociodemographic and medical risk factors. Methods: CCS from the Dutch Childhood Cancer Survivor Study (DCCSS)-LATER cohort (diagnosed 1963–2001) part 2 (attained age ≥18 years, diagnosed <18 years, ≥5 years since diagnosis) completed the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale, Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, Distress Thermometer, Self-Rating Scale for Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder, and the Short Form-36 (Health Related Quality of Life). CCS’ scores were compared with references using analysis of variances and logistic regression analysis, controlling for age and sex (p <.05). Risk factors for worse psychosocial outcomes were assessed with regression analyses (p <.05). Results: CCS, N = 1797, mean age 35.4 years, 49.0% female, all ≥15 years since diagnosis, participated. Three percent reported posttraumatic stress disorder because of childhood cancer and 36.6% experienced clinical distress. CCS did not differ from references on self-esteem and anxiety but were less depressed (d = −.25), and scored poorer on all health-related quality of life scales, except for bodily pain (.01 ≤ d ≥ −.36). Female sex, lower educational attainment, not being in a relationship, and being unemployed were negatively associated with almost all psychosocial outcomes. Except for a central nervous system tumor diagnosis, few medical characteristics were associated with psychosocial outcomes. Conclusion: CCS appear resilient regarding mental health but have slightly poorer health-related quality of life than references. Sociodemographic characteristics and central nervous system tumors were related to most psychosocial outcomes, but no clear pattern was observed for other medical factors. Future studies should address additional factors in explaining CCS’ psychosocial functioning, such as coping, social support, and physical late effects.
AB - Background: This study compares a comprehensive range of psychosocial outcomes of adult childhood cancer survivors (CCS) to general population-based references and identifies sociodemographic and medical risk factors. Methods: CCS from the Dutch Childhood Cancer Survivor Study (DCCSS)-LATER cohort (diagnosed 1963–2001) part 2 (attained age ≥18 years, diagnosed <18 years, ≥5 years since diagnosis) completed the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale, Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, Distress Thermometer, Self-Rating Scale for Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder, and the Short Form-36 (Health Related Quality of Life). CCS’ scores were compared with references using analysis of variances and logistic regression analysis, controlling for age and sex (p <.05). Risk factors for worse psychosocial outcomes were assessed with regression analyses (p <.05). Results: CCS, N = 1797, mean age 35.4 years, 49.0% female, all ≥15 years since diagnosis, participated. Three percent reported posttraumatic stress disorder because of childhood cancer and 36.6% experienced clinical distress. CCS did not differ from references on self-esteem and anxiety but were less depressed (d = −.25), and scored poorer on all health-related quality of life scales, except for bodily pain (.01 ≤ d ≥ −.36). Female sex, lower educational attainment, not being in a relationship, and being unemployed were negatively associated with almost all psychosocial outcomes. Except for a central nervous system tumor diagnosis, few medical characteristics were associated with psychosocial outcomes. Conclusion: CCS appear resilient regarding mental health but have slightly poorer health-related quality of life than references. Sociodemographic characteristics and central nervous system tumors were related to most psychosocial outcomes, but no clear pattern was observed for other medical factors. Future studies should address additional factors in explaining CCS’ psychosocial functioning, such as coping, social support, and physical late effects.
KW - anxiety
KW - childhood cancer survivors
KW - cohort study
KW - depression
KW - distress
KW - health-related quality of life
KW - post-traumatic stress
KW - self-esteem
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85152959866&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - https://doi.org/10.1002/cncr.34795
DO - https://doi.org/10.1002/cncr.34795
M3 - Article
C2 - 37057358
SN - 0008-543X
VL - 129
SP - 2553
EP - 2567
JO - Cancer
JF - Cancer
IS - 16
ER -