TY - JOUR
T1 - Reduced rank regression-derived dietary patterns related to the fatty liver index and associations with type 2 diabetes mellitus among ghanaian populations under transition
T2 - The rodam study
AU - Osei, Tracy Bonsu
AU - van Dijk, Anne-Marieke
AU - Dingerink, Sjoerd
AU - Chilunga, Felix Patience
AU - Beune, Erik
AU - Meeks, Karlijn Anna Catharina
AU - Bahendeka, Silver
AU - Schulze, Matthias Bernd
AU - Agyemang, Charles
AU - Nicolaou, Mary
AU - Holleboom, Adriaan Georgius
AU - Danquah, Ina
N1 - Funding Information: Funding: The RODAM study was supported by the European Commission under the Framework Programme (Grant Number: 278901). K.A.C.M. is supported by the Intramural Research Program of the National Institutes of Health in the Center for Research on Genomics and Global Health (CRGGH). A. G. Holleboom is supported by the Amsterdam UMC Fellowship, Health Holland TKI public-private partnership grants and research grants from Gilead and Novo Nordisk. Tracy Bonsu Osei is supported by the German Academic Exchange Service (DAAD), and Ina Danquah is supported by the Robert Bosch Foundation (RBS) (0100035-002). Publisher Copyright: © 2021 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.
PY - 2021/11/1
Y1 - 2021/11/1
N2 - The Fatty Liver Index (FLI) is a proxy for the steatotic component of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). For sub-Saharan African populations, the contribution of dietary factors to the development of NAFLD in the etiology of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) remains to be clarified. We identified sex-specific dietary patterns (DPs) related to the FLI using reduced ranked regression (RRR) and evaluated the associations of these DPs with T2DM. This analysis used data from the RODAM, a multi-center cross-sectional study of Ghanaian populations living in Ghana and Europe. The daily intake frequencies of 30 food groups served as the predictor variables, while the FLI was the response variable. The odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals for T2DM were calculated per one standard deviation increase in the DP score using logistic regression. In males, the DP score explained 9.9% of the variation in their food intake and 16.0% of the variation in the FLI. This DP was characterized by high intakes of poultry, whole-grain cereals, coffee and tea, condiments, and potatoes, and the chance of T2DM was 45% higher per 1 DP score-SD (Model 2). Our results indicate that the intake of modernized foods was associated with proxies of NAFLD, possibly underlying the metabolic pathways to developing T2DM.
AB - The Fatty Liver Index (FLI) is a proxy for the steatotic component of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). For sub-Saharan African populations, the contribution of dietary factors to the development of NAFLD in the etiology of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) remains to be clarified. We identified sex-specific dietary patterns (DPs) related to the FLI using reduced ranked regression (RRR) and evaluated the associations of these DPs with T2DM. This analysis used data from the RODAM, a multi-center cross-sectional study of Ghanaian populations living in Ghana and Europe. The daily intake frequencies of 30 food groups served as the predictor variables, while the FLI was the response variable. The odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals for T2DM were calculated per one standard deviation increase in the DP score using logistic regression. In males, the DP score explained 9.9% of the variation in their food intake and 16.0% of the variation in the FLI. This DP was characterized by high intakes of poultry, whole-grain cereals, coffee and tea, condiments, and potatoes, and the chance of T2DM was 45% higher per 1 DP score-SD (Model 2). Our results indicate that the intake of modernized foods was associated with proxies of NAFLD, possibly underlying the metabolic pathways to developing T2DM.
KW - Dietary pattern
KW - Fatty liver index
KW - Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease
KW - Reduced rank regression
KW - Type 2 diabetes mellitus
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85117175209&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - https://doi.org/10.3390/nu13113679
DO - https://doi.org/10.3390/nu13113679
M3 - Article
C2 - 34835937
SN - 2072-6643
VL - 13
JO - NUTRIENTS
JF - NUTRIENTS
IS - 11
M1 - 3679
ER -