TY - JOUR
T1 - The effect of SARS-CoV-2 vaccination on post-acute sequelae of COVID-19 (PASC)
T2 - A prospective cohort study
AU - Wynberg, Elke
AU - Han, Alvin X.
AU - Boyd, Anders
AU - van Willigen, Hugo D. G.
AU - Verveen, Anouk
AU - Lebbink, Romy
AU - van der Straten, Karlijn
AU - the RECoVERED Study Group
AU - Kootstra, Neeltje
AU - van Gils, Marit J.
AU - Russell, Colin
AU - Leenstra, Tjalling
AU - de Jong, Menno D.
AU - de Bree, Godelieve J.
AU - Prins, Maria
N1 - Funding Information: This work was supported by the Netherlands Organization for Health Research and Development (ZonMw) (RECoVERED, grant agreement numbers 10,150,062,010,002 to M.D.d.J. and 10,430,072,110,003 to G.J. de Bree) and the Public Health Service of Amsterdam (Research & Development grant number 21–14 to M. Prins). The funders had no role in study design, data collection, data analysis, data interpretation or data reporting. Publisher Copyright: © 2022 The Authors
PY - 2022/7/30
Y1 - 2022/7/30
N2 - Background: Symptoms of post-acute sequelae of COVID-19 (PASC) may improve following SARS-CoV-2 vaccination. However few prospective data that also explore the underlying biological mechanism are available. We assessed the effect of vaccination on symptomatology of participants with PASC, and compared antibody dynamics between those with and without PASC. Methods: RECoVERED is a prospective cohort study of adult patients with mild to critical COVID-19, enrolled from illness onset. Among participants with PASC, vaccinated participants were exact-matched 1:1 on age, sex, obesity status and time since illness onset to unvaccinated participants. Between matched pairs, we compared the monthly mean numbers of symptoms over a 3-month follow-up period, and, using exact logistic regression, the proportion of participants who fully recovered from PASC. Finally, we assessed the association between PACS status and rate of decay of spike- and RBD-binding IgG titers up to 9 months after illness onset using Bayesian hierarchical linear regression. Findings: Of 349 enrolled participants, 316 (90.5%) had ≥3 months of follow-up, of whom 186 (58.9%) developed PASC. Among 36 matched pairs with PASC, the mean number of symptoms reported each month during 3 months of follow-up were comparable between vaccinated and unvaccinated groups. Odds of full recovery from PASC also did not differ between matched pairs (OR 1.57 [95%CI 0.46–5.84]) within 3 months after the matched time-point. The median half-life of spike- and RBD-binding IgG levels were, in days (95%CrI), 233 (183–324) and 181 (147–230) among participants with PASC, and 170 (125–252) and 144 (113–196) among those without PASC, respectively. Interpretation: Our study found no strong evidence to suggest that vaccination improves symptoms of PASC. This was corroborated by comparable spike- and RBD-binding IgG waning trajectories between those with and without PASC, refuting any immunological basis for a therapeutic effect of vaccination on PASC.
AB - Background: Symptoms of post-acute sequelae of COVID-19 (PASC) may improve following SARS-CoV-2 vaccination. However few prospective data that also explore the underlying biological mechanism are available. We assessed the effect of vaccination on symptomatology of participants with PASC, and compared antibody dynamics between those with and without PASC. Methods: RECoVERED is a prospective cohort study of adult patients with mild to critical COVID-19, enrolled from illness onset. Among participants with PASC, vaccinated participants were exact-matched 1:1 on age, sex, obesity status and time since illness onset to unvaccinated participants. Between matched pairs, we compared the monthly mean numbers of symptoms over a 3-month follow-up period, and, using exact logistic regression, the proportion of participants who fully recovered from PASC. Finally, we assessed the association between PACS status and rate of decay of spike- and RBD-binding IgG titers up to 9 months after illness onset using Bayesian hierarchical linear regression. Findings: Of 349 enrolled participants, 316 (90.5%) had ≥3 months of follow-up, of whom 186 (58.9%) developed PASC. Among 36 matched pairs with PASC, the mean number of symptoms reported each month during 3 months of follow-up were comparable between vaccinated and unvaccinated groups. Odds of full recovery from PASC also did not differ between matched pairs (OR 1.57 [95%CI 0.46–5.84]) within 3 months after the matched time-point. The median half-life of spike- and RBD-binding IgG levels were, in days (95%CrI), 233 (183–324) and 181 (147–230) among participants with PASC, and 170 (125–252) and 144 (113–196) among those without PASC, respectively. Interpretation: Our study found no strong evidence to suggest that vaccination improves symptoms of PASC. This was corroborated by comparable spike- and RBD-binding IgG waning trajectories between those with and without PASC, refuting any immunological basis for a therapeutic effect of vaccination on PASC.
KW - COVID-19
KW - Long COVID
KW - Post-acute sequelae
KW - SARS-CoV-2
KW - Therapeutic vaccine
KW - Vaccination
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85132806603&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.vaccine.2022.05.090
DO - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.vaccine.2022.05.090
M3 - Article
C2 - 35725782
SN - 0264-410X
VL - 40
SP - 4424
EP - 4431
JO - Vaccine
JF - Vaccine
IS - 32
ER -