The influence of impact velocity on bullet trajectory deflection through ballistic gelatine

W. Kerkhoff; M. J. Glardon; C. Schyma; I. Alberink; R. J. Oostra; F. Riva

doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.forsciint.2023.111675

The influence of impact velocity on bullet trajectory deflection through ballistic gelatine

W. Kerkhoff, M. J. Glardon, C. Schyma, I. Alberink, R. J. Oostra, F. Riva

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › Academic › peer-review

1 Citation (Scopus)

Abstract

This paper presents the results of a study on bullet trajectory deflection, for 9 mm Luger Full Metal Jacket Round Nose (FMJ-RN) bullets fired through 23–24 cm of ballistic gelatine. The bullets were fired at different velocities. Impact velocity, energy transfer and bullet trajectory deflection after gelatine perforation were measured and calculated. As was expected, energy transfer to the gelatine blocks generally increased with increasing impact velocity, indicating an altering bullet/gelatine interaction with altering velocity. This alteration did not result in a discernible alteration of bullet trajectory deflection. Deflection angles fell between 5.7° and 7.4° for 136 of the 140 fired shots, with four outliers below 5.7°.

Original language	English
Article number	111675
Journal	Forensic Science International
Volume	346
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1016/j.forsciint.2023.111675
Publication status	Published - 1 May 2023

Keywords

Bullet deflection
Bullet trajectory reconstruction
Energy transfer
Gelatine
Impact velocity

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https://doi.org/10.1016/j.forsciint.2023.111675

Cite this

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title = "The influence of impact velocity on bullet trajectory deflection through ballistic gelatine",

abstract = "This paper presents the results of a study on bullet trajectory deflection, for 9 mm Luger Full Metal Jacket Round Nose (FMJ-RN) bullets fired through 23–24 cm of ballistic gelatine. The bullets were fired at different velocities. Impact velocity, energy transfer and bullet trajectory deflection after gelatine perforation were measured and calculated. As was expected, energy transfer to the gelatine blocks generally increased with increasing impact velocity, indicating an altering bullet/gelatine interaction with altering velocity. This alteration did not result in a discernible alteration of bullet trajectory deflection. Deflection angles fell between 5.7° and 7.4° for 136 of the 140 fired shots, with four outliers below 5.7°.",

keywords = "Bullet deflection, Bullet trajectory reconstruction, Energy transfer, Gelatine, Impact velocity",

author = "W. Kerkhoff and Glardon, {M. J.} and C. Schyma and I. Alberink and Oostra, {R. J.} and F. Riva",

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T1 - The influence of impact velocity on bullet trajectory deflection through ballistic gelatine

AU - Kerkhoff, W.

AU - Glardon, M. J.

AU - Schyma, C.

AU - Alberink, I.

AU - Oostra, R. J.

AU - Riva, F.

PY - 2023/5/1

Y1 - 2023/5/1

N2 - This paper presents the results of a study on bullet trajectory deflection, for 9 mm Luger Full Metal Jacket Round Nose (FMJ-RN) bullets fired through 23–24 cm of ballistic gelatine. The bullets were fired at different velocities. Impact velocity, energy transfer and bullet trajectory deflection after gelatine perforation were measured and calculated. As was expected, energy transfer to the gelatine blocks generally increased with increasing impact velocity, indicating an altering bullet/gelatine interaction with altering velocity. This alteration did not result in a discernible alteration of bullet trajectory deflection. Deflection angles fell between 5.7° and 7.4° for 136 of the 140 fired shots, with four outliers below 5.7°.

AB - This paper presents the results of a study on bullet trajectory deflection, for 9 mm Luger Full Metal Jacket Round Nose (FMJ-RN) bullets fired through 23–24 cm of ballistic gelatine. The bullets were fired at different velocities. Impact velocity, energy transfer and bullet trajectory deflection after gelatine perforation were measured and calculated. As was expected, energy transfer to the gelatine blocks generally increased with increasing impact velocity, indicating an altering bullet/gelatine interaction with altering velocity. This alteration did not result in a discernible alteration of bullet trajectory deflection. Deflection angles fell between 5.7° and 7.4° for 136 of the 140 fired shots, with four outliers below 5.7°.

KW - Bullet deflection

KW - Bullet trajectory reconstruction

KW - Energy transfer

KW - Gelatine

KW - Impact velocity

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DO - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.forsciint.2023.111675

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SN - 0379-0738

VL - 346

JO - Forensic Science International

JF - Forensic Science International

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ER -

The influence of impact velocity on bullet trajectory deflection through ballistic gelatine

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Keywords

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