TY - JOUR
T1 - Unfolded protein response activation in C9orf72 frontotemporal dementia is associated with dipeptide pathology and granulovacuolar degeneration in granule cells
AU - Gami-Patel, Priya
AU - van Dijken, Irene
AU - Meeter, Lieke H.
AU - Melhem, Shamiram
AU - Morrema, Tjado H.J.
AU - Scheper, Wiep
AU - van Swieten, John C.
AU - Rozemuller, Annemieke J.M.
AU - Dijkstra, Anke A.
AU - Hoozemans, Jeroen J.M.
N1 - Publisher Copyright: © 2020 The Authors. Brain Pathology published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of International Society of Neuropathology. Copyright: Copyright 2021 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
PY - 2021/1
Y1 - 2021/1
N2 - A repeat expansion in the C9orf72 gene is the most prevalent genetic cause of frontotemporal dementia (C9-FTD). Several studies have indicated the involvement of the unfolded protein response (UPR) in C9-FTD. In human neuropathology, UPR markers are strongly associated with granulovacuolar degeneration (GVD). In this study, we aim to assess the presence of UPR markers together with the presence of dipeptide pathology and GVD in post mortem brain tissue from C9-FTD cases and neurologically healthy controls. Using immunohistochemistry we assessed the presence of phosphorylated PERK, IRE1α and eIF2α in the frontal cortex, hippocampus and cerebellum of C9-FTD (n = 18) and control (n = 9) cases. The presence of UPR activation markers was compared with the occurrence of pTDP-43, p62 and dipeptide repeat (DPR) proteins (poly(GA), -(GR) & -(GP)) as well as casein kinase 1 delta (CK1δ), a marker for GVD. Increased presence of UPR markers was observed in the hippocampus and cerebellum in C9-FTD compared to control cases. In the hippocampus, overall levels of pPERK and peIF2α were higher in C9-FTD, including in granule cells of the dentate gyrus (DG). UPR markers were also observed in granule cells of the cerebellum in C9-FTD. In addition, increased levels of CK1δ were observed in granule cells in the DG of the hippocampus and granular layer of the cerebellum in C9-FTD. Double-labelling experiments indicate a strong association between UPR markers and the presence of dipeptide pathology as well as GVD. We conclude that UPR markers are increased in C9-FTD and that their presence is associated with dipeptide pathology and GVD. Increased presence of UPR markers and CK1δ in granule cells in the cerebellum and hippocampus could be a unique feature of C9-FTD.
AB - A repeat expansion in the C9orf72 gene is the most prevalent genetic cause of frontotemporal dementia (C9-FTD). Several studies have indicated the involvement of the unfolded protein response (UPR) in C9-FTD. In human neuropathology, UPR markers are strongly associated with granulovacuolar degeneration (GVD). In this study, we aim to assess the presence of UPR markers together with the presence of dipeptide pathology and GVD in post mortem brain tissue from C9-FTD cases and neurologically healthy controls. Using immunohistochemistry we assessed the presence of phosphorylated PERK, IRE1α and eIF2α in the frontal cortex, hippocampus and cerebellum of C9-FTD (n = 18) and control (n = 9) cases. The presence of UPR activation markers was compared with the occurrence of pTDP-43, p62 and dipeptide repeat (DPR) proteins (poly(GA), -(GR) & -(GP)) as well as casein kinase 1 delta (CK1δ), a marker for GVD. Increased presence of UPR markers was observed in the hippocampus and cerebellum in C9-FTD compared to control cases. In the hippocampus, overall levels of pPERK and peIF2α were higher in C9-FTD, including in granule cells of the dentate gyrus (DG). UPR markers were also observed in granule cells of the cerebellum in C9-FTD. In addition, increased levels of CK1δ were observed in granule cells in the DG of the hippocampus and granular layer of the cerebellum in C9-FTD. Double-labelling experiments indicate a strong association between UPR markers and the presence of dipeptide pathology as well as GVD. We conclude that UPR markers are increased in C9-FTD and that their presence is associated with dipeptide pathology and GVD. Increased presence of UPR markers and CK1δ in granule cells in the cerebellum and hippocampus could be a unique feature of C9-FTD.
KW - C9orf72
KW - cerebellum
KW - dentate gyrus
KW - granule cells
KW - granulovacuolar degeneration
KW - unfolded protein response
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85090934863&partnerID=8YFLogxK
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=85090934863&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - https://doi.org/10.1111/bpa.12894
DO - https://doi.org/10.1111/bpa.12894
M3 - Article
C2 - 32865835
SN - 1015-6305
VL - 31
SP - 163
EP - 173
JO - Brain Pathology
JF - Brain Pathology
IS - 1
ER -
