@article{7de82fa61fff44de8b56d71636aa32cd,
title = "Alternatives to in vitro fertilization",
abstract = "There have been concerns on the potential overuse of in vitro fertilization (IVF) in view of the lack of evidence on effectiveness in certain populations, potential short and long-term safety risks, and economic considerations. On the other hand, the use of alternatives to IVF seems to be underappreciated in clinical practice as well as research. In this review, we summarized the up-to-date evidence on the effectiveness, safety as well as cost-effectiveness of different alternatives to IVF, including expectant management, intrauterine insemination, tubal flushing, in vitro maturation as well as intravaginal culture. We also discussed the trend of IVF use over the last decade and the available tiers of service because of intravaginal culture, and revisited the roles of different alternatives to IVF in modern reproductive medicine from both clinical and research perspectives.",
keywords = "IUI, IVC, IVM, expectant management, tubal flushing",
author = "Wessel, {Jennifer A.} and Sarah Hunt and {van Wely}, Madelon and Femke Mol and Rui Wang",
note = "Funding Information: J.A.W. has nothing to disclose. S.H. has nothing to disclose. M.v.W is the Coordinating Editor of the Cochrane Ferility and Gynaecology Group and the Sexually Transmitted Infections Group. F.M. has nothing to disclose. R.W. reports funding from The National Health and Medical Research Council (NHMRC) Emerging Leadership Grant 2009767 and NHMRC Centre for Research Excellence in Women{\textquoteright}s Health in ReproductiveLife (CRE WHiRL) project support grant, travel support from Oxford University Press. Funding Information: Supported by a National Health and Medical Research Council (NHMRC) Emerging Leadership Investigator Grant (GNT2009767). J.A.W. has nothing to disclose. S.H. has nothing to disclose. M.v.W is the Coordinating Editor of the Cochrane Ferility and Gynaecology Group and the Sexually Transmitted Infections Group. F.M. has nothing to disclose. R.W. reports funding from The National Health and Medical Research Council (NHMRC) Emerging Leadership Grant 2009767 and NHMRC Centre for Research Excellence in Women's Health in ReproductiveLife (CRE WHiRL) project support grant, travel support from Oxford University Press. Funding Information: Supported by a National Health and Medical Research Council (NHMRC) Emerging Leadership Investigator Grant (GNT2009767). Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2023 American Society for Reproductive Medicine",
year = "2023",
month = sep,
doi = "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fertnstert.2023.01.011",
language = "English",
volume = "120",
pages = "483--493",
journal = "Fertility and Sterility",
issn = "0015-0282",
publisher = "Elsevier Inc.",
number = "3P1",
}