TY - JOUR
T1 - Antibiotic Therapy of 3 Days May Be Sufficient After Biliary Drainage for Acute Cholangitis: A Systematic Review
AU - Haal, Sylke
AU - Wielenga, Mattheus C. B.
AU - Fockens, Paul
AU - Leseman, Charlotte A.
AU - Ponsioen, Cyriel Y.
AU - van Soest, Ellert J.
AU - van Wanrooij, Roy L. J.
AU - Sieswerda, Elske
AU - Voermans, Rogier P.
N1 - Funding Information: The authors would like to thank the clinical librarian F.S. van Etten-Jamaludin for her help with the search strategy. Publisher Copyright: © 2021, The Author(s).
PY - 2021/12
Y1 - 2021/12
N2 - Background: The optimal antibiotic therapy duration for cholangitis is unclear. Guideline recommendations vary between 4 and 14 days after biliary drainage. Clinical observations and some evidence however suggest that shorter antibiotic therapy may be sufficient. Objective: To compare the effectiveness and safety of short-course therapy of ≤ 3 days with long-course therapy of ≥ 4 days after biliary drainage in cholangitis patients. Methods: We searched the databases PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, and trial registers for literature up to August 5, 2020. RCTs and observational studies including case series reporting on antibiotic therapy duration for acute cholangitis were eligible for inclusion. Two reviewers independently evaluated study eligibility, extracted data, assessed risk of bias and quality of evidence. A meta-analysis was planned if the included studies were comparable with regard to important study characteristics. Primary outcomes included recurrent cholangitis, subsequent other infection, and mortality. Results: We included eight studies with 938 cholangitis patients. Four observational studies enrolled patients treated for ≤ 3 days. Recurrent cholangitis occurred in 0–26.8% of patients treated with short-course therapy, which did not differ from long-course therapy (range 0–21.1%). Subsequent other infection and mortality rates were also comparable. Quality of available evidence was very low. Conclusion: There is no high-quality evidence available to draw a strong conclusion, but heterogeneous observational studies suggest that antibiotic therapy of ≤ 3 days is sufficient in cholangitis patients with common bile duct stones.
AB - Background: The optimal antibiotic therapy duration for cholangitis is unclear. Guideline recommendations vary between 4 and 14 days after biliary drainage. Clinical observations and some evidence however suggest that shorter antibiotic therapy may be sufficient. Objective: To compare the effectiveness and safety of short-course therapy of ≤ 3 days with long-course therapy of ≥ 4 days after biliary drainage in cholangitis patients. Methods: We searched the databases PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, and trial registers for literature up to August 5, 2020. RCTs and observational studies including case series reporting on antibiotic therapy duration for acute cholangitis were eligible for inclusion. Two reviewers independently evaluated study eligibility, extracted data, assessed risk of bias and quality of evidence. A meta-analysis was planned if the included studies were comparable with regard to important study characteristics. Primary outcomes included recurrent cholangitis, subsequent other infection, and mortality. Results: We included eight studies with 938 cholangitis patients. Four observational studies enrolled patients treated for ≤ 3 days. Recurrent cholangitis occurred in 0–26.8% of patients treated with short-course therapy, which did not differ from long-course therapy (range 0–21.1%). Subsequent other infection and mortality rates were also comparable. Quality of available evidence was very low. Conclusion: There is no high-quality evidence available to draw a strong conclusion, but heterogeneous observational studies suggest that antibiotic therapy of ≤ 3 days is sufficient in cholangitis patients with common bile duct stones.
KW - Acute cholangitis
KW - Antibiotic therapy duration
KW - Antimicrobial stewardship
KW - Biliary drainage
KW - Systematic review
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85100090668&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s10620-020-06820-3
DO - https://doi.org/10.1007/s10620-020-06820-3
M3 - Review article
C2 - 33462749
SN - 0163-2116
VL - 66
SP - 4128
EP - 4139
JO - Digestive Diseases and Sciences
JF - Digestive Diseases and Sciences
IS - 12
ER -