Association of Factor V Leiden With Subsequent Atherothrombotic Events: A GENIUS-CHD Study of Individual Participant Data

Bakhtawar K. Mahmoodi, Vinicius Tragante, Marcus E. Kleber, Michael V. Holmes, Amand F. Schmidt, Raymond O. McCubrey, Laurence J. Howe, Kenan Direk, Hooman Allayee, Ekaterina V. Baranova, Peter S. Braund, Graciela E. Delgado, Niclas Eriksson, Crystel M. Gijsberts, Yan Gong, Jaana Hartiala, Mahyar Heydarpour, Gerard Pasterkamp, Salma Kotti, Pekka KuukasjärviPetra A. Lenzini, Daniel Levin, Leo-Pekka Lyytikäinen, Jochen D. Muehlschlegel, Christopher P. Nelson, Kjell Nikus, Anna P. Pilbrow, W. H. Wilson Tang, Sander W. van der Laan, Jessica van Setten, Ragnar O. Vilmundarson, John Deanfield, Panos Deloukas, Frank Dudbridge, Stefan James, Ify R. Mordi, Andrej Teren, Thomas O. Bergmeijer, Simon C. Body, Michiel Bots, Ralph Burkhardt, Rhonda M. Cooper-DeHoff, Sharon Cresci, Nicolas Danchin, Robert N. Doughty, Diederick E. Grobbee, Emil Hagström, Stanley L. Hazen, Claes Held, Imo E. Hoefer, G. Kees Hovingh, Julie A. Johnson, Marcin P. Kaczor, Mika Kähönen, Olaf H. Klungel, Jari O. Laurikka, Terho Lehtimäki, Anke H. Maitland-van der Zee, Ruth McPherson, Colin N. Palmer, Adriaan O. Kraaijeveld, Carl J. Pepine, Marek Sanak, Naveed Sattar, Markus Scholz, Tabassome Simon, John A. Spertus, Alexandre F. R. Stewart, Wojciech Szczeklik, Joachim Thiery, Frank L. J. Visseren, Johannes Waltenberger, A. Mark Richards, Chim C. Lang, Vicky A. Cameron, Axel Åkerblom, Guillaume Pare, Winfried März, Nilesh J. Samani, Aroon D. Hingorani, Jurriën M. ten Berg, Lars Wallentin, Folkert W. Asselbergs, Riyaz S. Patel

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Abstract

BACKGROUND: Studies examining the role of factor V Leiden among patients at higher risk of atherothrombotic events, such as those with established coronary heart disease (CHD), are lacking. Given that coagulation is involved in the thrombus formation stage on atherosclerotic plaque rupture, we hypothesized that factor V Leiden may be a stronger risk factor for atherothrombotic events in patients with established CHD.

METHODS: We performed an individual-level meta-analysis including 25 prospective studies (18 cohorts, 3 case-cohorts, 4 randomized trials) from the GENIUS-CHD (Genetics of Subsequent Coronary Heart Disease) consortium involving patients with established CHD at baseline. Participating studies genotyped factor V Leiden status and shared risk estimates for the outcomes of interest using a centrally developed statistical code with harmonized definitions across studies. Cox proportional hazards regression models were used to obtain age- and sex-adjusted estimates. The obtained estimates were pooled using fixed-effect meta-analysis. The primary outcome was composite of myocardial infarction and CHD death. Secondary outcomes included any stroke, ischemic stroke, coronary revascularization, cardiovascular mortality, and all-cause mortality.

RESULTS: The studies included 69 681 individuals of whom 3190 (4.6%) were either heterozygous or homozygous (n=47) carriers of factor V Leiden. Median follow-up per study ranged from 1.0 to 10.6 years. A total of 20 studies with 61 147 participants and 6849 events contributed to analyses of the primary outcome. Factor V Leiden was not associated with the combined outcome of myocardial infarction and CHD death (hazard ratio, 1.03 [95% CI, 0.92-1.16]; I2=28%; P-heterogeneity=0.12). Subgroup analysis according to baseline characteristics or strata of traditional cardiovascular risk factors did not show relevant differences. Similarly, risk estimates for the secondary outcomes including stroke, coronary revascularization, cardiovascular mortality, and all-cause mortality were also close to identity.

CONCLUSIONS: Factor V Leiden was not associated with increased risk of subsequent atherothrombotic events and mortality in high-risk participants with established and treated CHD. Routine assessment of factor V Leiden status is unlikely to improve atherothrombotic events risk stratification in this population.

Original languageEnglish
Pages (from-to)546-555
Number of pages10
JournalCirculation
Volume142
Issue number6
DOIs
Publication statusPublished - 11 Aug 2020

Keywords

  • Atherosclerosis
  • Clinical Trials as Topic
  • Coronary Disease/diagnosis
  • Factor V/genetics
  • Genetic Predisposition to Disease
  • Genotype
  • Humans
  • Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide
  • Precision Medicine
  • Prognosis
  • Risk
  • Thrombosis/genetics

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