TY - JOUR
T1 - Associations with intraocular pressure across Europe: The European Eye Epidemiology (E-3) Consortium
AU - Khawaja, Anthony P.
AU - Springelkamp, Henriët
AU - Creuzot-Garcher, Catherine
AU - Delcourt, Cécile
AU - Hofman, Albert
AU - Höhn, René
AU - Iglesias, Adriana I.
AU - Wolfs, Roger C. W.
AU - Korobelnik, Jean-François
AU - Silva, Rufino
AU - Topouzis, Fotis
AU - Williams, Katie M.
AU - Bron, Alain M.
AU - Buitendijk, Gabriëlle H. S.
AU - Cachulo, Maria da Luz
AU - Cougnard-Grégoire, Audrey
AU - Dartigues, Jean-François
AU - Hammond, Christopher J.
AU - Pfeiffer, Norbert
AU - Salonikiou, Angeliki
AU - van Duijn, Cornelia M.
AU - Vingerling, Johannes R.
AU - Luben, Robert N.
AU - Mirshahi, Alireza
AU - Lamparter, Julia
AU - Klaver, Caroline C. W.
AU - Jansonius, Nomdo M.
AU - Foster, Paul J.
AU - AUTHOR GROUP
AU - Acar, Niyazi
AU - Anastosopoulos, Eleftherios
AU - Azuara-Blanco, Augusto
AU - Bergen, Arthur
AU - Bertelsen, Geir
AU - Binquet, Christine
AU - Bird, Alan
AU - Brétillon, Lionel
AU - Bron, Alain
AU - Buitendijk, Gabrielle
AU - Cachulo, Maria Luz
AU - Chakravarthy, Usha
AU - Chan, Michelle
AU - Chang, Petrus
AU - Colijn, Annemarie
AU - Cumberland, Philippa
AU - Cunha-Vaz, José
AU - Daien, Vincent
AU - Deak, Gabor
AU - Delyfer, Marie-Noëlle
AU - Hollander, Anneke den
AU - Dietzel, Martha
PY - 2016
Y1 - 2016
N2 - Raised intraocular pressure (IOP) is the most important risk factor for developing glaucoma, the second commonest cause of blindness globally. Understanding associations with IOP and variations in IOP between countries may teach us about mechanisms underlying glaucoma. We examined cross-sectional associations with IOP in 43,500 European adults from 12 cohort studies belonging to the European Eye Epidemiology (E-3) consortium. Each study conducted multivariable linear regression with IOP as the outcome variable and results were pooled using random effects meta-analysis. The association of standardized study IOP with latitude was tested using meta-regression. Higher IOP was observed in men (0.18 mmHg; 95 % CI 0.06, 0.31; P = 0.004) and with higher body mass index (0.21 mmHg per 5 kg/m(2); 95 % CI 0.14, 0.28; P <0.001), shorter height (-0.17 mmHg per 10 cm; 95 % CI -0.25, -0.08; P <0.001), higher systolic blood pressure (0.17 mmHg per 10 mmHg; 95 % CI 0.12, 0.22; P <0.001) and more myopic refraction (0.06 mmHg per Dioptre; 95 % CI 0.03, 0.09; P <0.001). An inverted U-shaped trend was observed between age and IOP, with IOP increasing up to the age of 60 and decreasing in participants older than 70 years. We found no significant association between standardized IOP and study location latitude (P = 0.76). Novel findings of our study include the association of lower IOP in taller people and an inverted-U shaped association of IOP with age. We found no evidence of significant variation in IOP across Europe. Despite the limited range of latitude amongst included studies, this finding is in favour of collaborative pooling of data from studies examining environmental and genetic determinants of IOP in Europeans
AB - Raised intraocular pressure (IOP) is the most important risk factor for developing glaucoma, the second commonest cause of blindness globally. Understanding associations with IOP and variations in IOP between countries may teach us about mechanisms underlying glaucoma. We examined cross-sectional associations with IOP in 43,500 European adults from 12 cohort studies belonging to the European Eye Epidemiology (E-3) consortium. Each study conducted multivariable linear regression with IOP as the outcome variable and results were pooled using random effects meta-analysis. The association of standardized study IOP with latitude was tested using meta-regression. Higher IOP was observed in men (0.18 mmHg; 95 % CI 0.06, 0.31; P = 0.004) and with higher body mass index (0.21 mmHg per 5 kg/m(2); 95 % CI 0.14, 0.28; P <0.001), shorter height (-0.17 mmHg per 10 cm; 95 % CI -0.25, -0.08; P <0.001), higher systolic blood pressure (0.17 mmHg per 10 mmHg; 95 % CI 0.12, 0.22; P <0.001) and more myopic refraction (0.06 mmHg per Dioptre; 95 % CI 0.03, 0.09; P <0.001). An inverted U-shaped trend was observed between age and IOP, with IOP increasing up to the age of 60 and decreasing in participants older than 70 years. We found no significant association between standardized IOP and study location latitude (P = 0.76). Novel findings of our study include the association of lower IOP in taller people and an inverted-U shaped association of IOP with age. We found no evidence of significant variation in IOP across Europe. Despite the limited range of latitude amongst included studies, this finding is in favour of collaborative pooling of data from studies examining environmental and genetic determinants of IOP in Europeans
U2 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s10654-016-0191-1
DO - https://doi.org/10.1007/s10654-016-0191-1
M3 - Article
C2 - 27613171
SN - 0393-2990
VL - 31
SP - 1101
EP - 1111
JO - European Journal of Epidemiology
JF - European Journal of Epidemiology
IS - 11
ER -