TY - JOUR
T1 - Central nervous determination of food storage - a daily switch from conservation to expenditure: implications for the metabolic syndrome
AU - Kreier, Felix
AU - Kalsbeek, Andries
AU - Ruiter, Marieke
AU - Yilmaz, Ajda
AU - Romijn, Johannes A.
AU - Sauerwein, Hans P.
AU - Fliers, Eric
AU - Buijs, Ruud M.
PY - 2003
Y1 - 2003
N2 - Here, we present a neuroendocrine concept to review the circularly interacting energy homeostasis system between brain and body. Body-brain interaction is circular because the brain immediately integrates an input to an output, and because part of this response may be that the brain modulates the sensitivity of this perception. First, we describe how the brain senses the body through neurons and blood-borne factors. Direct neuronal connections report the state of various organs. In addition, Immoral factors are perceived by the blood-brain barrier and circumventricular organs. We describe how circulating energy carriers are sensed and what signals reach the brain during food intake, exercise and an immune response. We describe that the brain regulates the homeostatic process at two fundamentally different levels during the active and inactive states. The unbalanced output of the brain in the metabolic syndrome is discussed in relation with such circadian rhythms and with regional activity of the autonomic nervous system. In line with the above, we suggest a new approach for the diagnosis and therapy of the metabolic syndrome. (C) 2003 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved
AB - Here, we present a neuroendocrine concept to review the circularly interacting energy homeostasis system between brain and body. Body-brain interaction is circular because the brain immediately integrates an input to an output, and because part of this response may be that the brain modulates the sensitivity of this perception. First, we describe how the brain senses the body through neurons and blood-borne factors. Direct neuronal connections report the state of various organs. In addition, Immoral factors are perceived by the blood-brain barrier and circumventricular organs. We describe how circulating energy carriers are sensed and what signals reach the brain during food intake, exercise and an immune response. We describe that the brain regulates the homeostatic process at two fundamentally different levels during the active and inactive states. The unbalanced output of the brain in the metabolic syndrome is discussed in relation with such circadian rhythms and with regional activity of the autonomic nervous system. In line with the above, we suggest a new approach for the diagnosis and therapy of the metabolic syndrome. (C) 2003 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved
U2 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejphar.2003.08.092
DO - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejphar.2003.08.092
M3 - Article
C2 - 14623350
SN - 0014-2999
VL - 480
SP - 51
EP - 65
JO - European journal of pharmacology
JF - European journal of pharmacology
IS - 1-3
ER -