TY - JOUR
T1 - Changes in Desk-Based Workers' Sitting, Standing, and Stepping Time
T2 - Short- and Longer-Term Effects on Musculoskeletal Pain
AU - Dzakpasu, Francis Q. S.
AU - Owen, Neville
AU - Carver, Alison
AU - Brakenridge, Christian J.
AU - Eakin, Elizabeth G.
AU - Healy, Genevieve N.
AU - Lamontagne, Anthony D.
AU - Moodie, Marj
AU - Coenen, Pieter
AU - Straker, Leon
AU - Dunstan, David W.
N1 - Funding Information: Dzakpasu was supported by the Australian Government Research Training Program Scholarship. Owen was supported by the National Health and Medical Research Council (NHMRC) of Australia through a Senior Principal Research Fellowship (grant no. 1003960) and by the Victorian Government’s Operational Infrastructure Support Program. Eakin was supported by an NHMRC Senior Research Fellowship (NHMRC grant no. 511001). Healy was supported by an MRFF-NHMRC Emerging Leadership Investigator Grant (grant no. 1193815). LaMontagne was supported by a center grant funding from the Victorian Health Promotion Foundation (grant no. 2010–0509). Moodie was supported by an NHMRC Centre for Research Excellence in Obesity Policy and Food Systems (grant no. 1041020). Straker was supported by an NHMRC Senior Research Fellowship (grant no. 1019980). Dunstan was supported by an NHMRC Senior Research Fellowship (grant no. 1078360) and the Victorian Government’s Operational Infrastructure Support Program. The funders played no role in the design, data analysis, and realization of this manuscript. Funding Information: The Stand Up Victoria study received funding from a National Health and Medical Research Council (NHMRC) project grant (no. 1002706), project funding from the Victorian Health Promotion Foundation’s Creating Healthy Workplaces program, and by the Victorian Government’s Operational Infrastructure Support Program. Publisher Copyright: © Lippincott Williams & Wilkins.
PY - 2023/12/1
Y1 - 2023/12/1
N2 - PURPOSE: Sitting at work can be associated with musculoskeletal pain, but the effect of reductions in sitting is not well understood. We examined relationships with musculoskeletal pain of changes in sitting, standing, stepping, and short and long bouts of these behaviors. METHODS: Analyses pooled data from 224 desk workers (68.4% women; mean ± SD age = 45.5 ± 9.4 yr; body mass index = 28.1 ± 6.1 kg⋅m -2 ) in intervention trial. Device-assessed (activPAL3) sitting, standing, and stepping time and multisite musculoskeletal pain (Nordic Questionnaire; 12 body areas) were assessed at baseline, 3 months, and 12 months. Compositional data analyses in linear mixed-effects regressions examined relationships within 16 waking hours of the behaviors and their short and long bouts, with changes from baseline in acute and chronic multisite musculoskeletal pain at 3 and 12 months. Analyses were adjusted for initial group randomization and relevant covariates. RESULTS: At 3 months, increased standing relative to changes in other compositions was significantly associated with increased multisite musculoskeletal pain (acute: β = 1.54, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.10 to 2.98; chronic: β = 1.49, 95% CI = 0.12 to 2.83). By contrast, increased stepping relative to changes in other compositions was significantly associated with reduced multisite musculoskeletal pain (acute: β = -1.49, 95% CI = -2.97 to -0.02; chronic: β = -1.87, 95% CI = -3.75 to -0.01). Neither sitting reduction relative to changes in other compositions nor changes in short bouts relative to long bouts of the behaviors were significantly associated with multisite musculoskeletal pain changes. At 12 months, there were no significant associations for any of the compositional changes. CONCLUSIONS: In the short term, while increasing standing with reduced sitting time can be unfavorable, concurrently increasing stepping could potentially reduce musculoskeletal pain. In the longer term, musculoskeletal pain may not be increased by moderate reductions in sitting time through spending more time standing or stepping.
AB - PURPOSE: Sitting at work can be associated with musculoskeletal pain, but the effect of reductions in sitting is not well understood. We examined relationships with musculoskeletal pain of changes in sitting, standing, stepping, and short and long bouts of these behaviors. METHODS: Analyses pooled data from 224 desk workers (68.4% women; mean ± SD age = 45.5 ± 9.4 yr; body mass index = 28.1 ± 6.1 kg⋅m -2 ) in intervention trial. Device-assessed (activPAL3) sitting, standing, and stepping time and multisite musculoskeletal pain (Nordic Questionnaire; 12 body areas) were assessed at baseline, 3 months, and 12 months. Compositional data analyses in linear mixed-effects regressions examined relationships within 16 waking hours of the behaviors and their short and long bouts, with changes from baseline in acute and chronic multisite musculoskeletal pain at 3 and 12 months. Analyses were adjusted for initial group randomization and relevant covariates. RESULTS: At 3 months, increased standing relative to changes in other compositions was significantly associated with increased multisite musculoskeletal pain (acute: β = 1.54, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.10 to 2.98; chronic: β = 1.49, 95% CI = 0.12 to 2.83). By contrast, increased stepping relative to changes in other compositions was significantly associated with reduced multisite musculoskeletal pain (acute: β = -1.49, 95% CI = -2.97 to -0.02; chronic: β = -1.87, 95% CI = -3.75 to -0.01). Neither sitting reduction relative to changes in other compositions nor changes in short bouts relative to long bouts of the behaviors were significantly associated with multisite musculoskeletal pain changes. At 12 months, there were no significant associations for any of the compositional changes. CONCLUSIONS: In the short term, while increasing standing with reduced sitting time can be unfavorable, concurrently increasing stepping could potentially reduce musculoskeletal pain. In the longer term, musculoskeletal pain may not be increased by moderate reductions in sitting time through spending more time standing or stepping.
KW - ACTIVITY BEHAVIORS
KW - COMPOSITE TIME USE
KW - COMPOSITIONAL CHANGE
KW - ISOTEMPORAL REALLOCATION
KW - MULTISITE PAIN
KW - SEDENTARY BEHAVIOR
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85177102512&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - https://doi.org/10.1249/MSS.0000000000003248
DO - https://doi.org/10.1249/MSS.0000000000003248
M3 - Article
C2 - 37729188
SN - 0195-9131
VL - 55
SP - 2241
EP - 2252
JO - Medicine and science in sports and exercise
JF - Medicine and science in sports and exercise
IS - 12
ER -