TY - JOUR
T1 - Comparison of hepatitis e virus sequences from humans and swine, the netherlands, 1998–2015
AU - Hogema, Boris M.
AU - Hakze-van der Honing, Renate W.
AU - Molier, Michel
AU - Zaaijer, Hans L.
AU - van der Poel, Wim H. M.
N1 - Funding Information: Funding: This study was funded by Sanquin (PPOC14-09) and the Dutch Ministry of Agriculture. Publisher Copyright: © 2021 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.
PY - 2021/7/1
Y1 - 2021/7/1
N2 - Pigs are suspected to be a major source of zoonotic hepatitis E virus (HEV) infection in industrialized countries, but the transmission route(s) from pigs to humans are ill-defined. Sequence comparison of HEV isolates from pigs with those from blood donors and patients in 372 samples collected in the Netherlands in 1998 and 1999 and between 2008 and 2015 showed that all sequences were genotype 3 except for six patients (with travel history). Subgenotype 3c (gt3c) was the most common subtype. While the proportion of gt3c increased significantly between 1998 and 2008, it remained constant between 2008 and 2015. Among the few circulating HEV subtypes, there was no difference observed between the human and the pig isolates. Hepatitis E viruses in humans are very likely to originate from pigs, but it is unclear why HEV gt3c has become the predominant subtype in the Netherlands.
AB - Pigs are suspected to be a major source of zoonotic hepatitis E virus (HEV) infection in industrialized countries, but the transmission route(s) from pigs to humans are ill-defined. Sequence comparison of HEV isolates from pigs with those from blood donors and patients in 372 samples collected in the Netherlands in 1998 and 1999 and between 2008 and 2015 showed that all sequences were genotype 3 except for six patients (with travel history). Subgenotype 3c (gt3c) was the most common subtype. While the proportion of gt3c increased significantly between 1998 and 2008, it remained constant between 2008 and 2015. Among the few circulating HEV subtypes, there was no difference observed between the human and the pig isolates. Hepatitis E viruses in humans are very likely to originate from pigs, but it is unclear why HEV gt3c has become the predominant subtype in the Netherlands.
KW - Hepatitis E
KW - Phylogenetic analysis
KW - Zoonotic infection
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85109904470&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - https://doi.org/10.3390/v13071265
DO - https://doi.org/10.3390/v13071265
M3 - Article
C2 - 34209729
SN - 1999-4915
VL - 13
JO - Viruses
JF - Viruses
IS - 7
M1 - 1265
ER -