TY - JOUR
T1 - Concepts and definitions of healthy ageing
T2 - a systematic review and synthesis of theoretical models
AU - Menassa, Marilyne
AU - Stronks, Karien
AU - Khatami, Farnaz
AU - Díaz, Zayne
AU - Espinola, Octavio
AU - Gamba, Magda
AU - Itodo, Oche
AU - Buttia, Chepkoech
AU - Wehrli, Faina
AU - Minder, Beatrice
AU - Velarde, Minerva
AU - Franco, Oscar
N1 - Funding Information: MM, ZMRD, and OI are supported by the European Union's Horizon 2020 Marie Skłodowska-Curie grant No 801076, and MM is also supported by the Swiss National Foundation grant No 189235. Funding Information: No funding was sought for this paper. Marilyne Menassa, Zayne Milena Roa Díaz, and Oche Itodo are GlobalP3HS PhD Fellows whose projects have received funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under the Marie Skłodowska-Curie grant agreement No 801076, through the SSPH + Global PhD Fellowship Programme in Public Health Sciences (GlobalP3HS) of the Swiss School of Public Health. Marilyne Menassa is also co-funded by the Swiss National Foundation under grant number 189235 for LYRICA (Lifestyle Prevention of Cardiovascular Ageing) project. All authors had full access to the full data in the study and accept responsibility to submit for publication. Publisher Copyright: © 2023 The Authors
PY - 2023/2/1
Y1 - 2023/2/1
N2 - Background: Healthy ageing (HA) has been defined using multiple approaches. We aim to produce a comprehensive overview and analysis of the theoretical models underpinning this concept and its associated normative terms and definitions. Methods: We conducted a systematic review of peer-reviewed HA models in Embase.com, Medline(Ovid), Cochrane CENTRAL, CINAHL, PsycINFO, and Web of Science until August 2022. Original theoretical papers, concept analyses, and reviews that proposed new models were included. Operational models/definitions, lifespan development psychology theories and mechanisms of ageing were excluded. We followed an iterative approach to extract the models’ characteristics and thematically analyze them based on the approach of Walker and Avant. The protocol was registered in PROSPERO(CRD42021238796). Results: Out of 10, 741 records, we included 59 papers comprising 65 models/ definitions, published in English (1960–2022) from 16 countries in Europe, Asia, and America. Human ageing was described using 12 normative terms, mainly (models (%)): successful (34 (52%)), healthy (eight (12%)), well (five (8%)), and active (four (6%)). We identified intrinsic/extrinsic factors interacting throughout the life course, adaptive processes as attributes, and outcomes describing patterns of ageing across objective and subjective dimensions (number of models/definitions): cognitive(62), psychological(53), physical (49), social (49), environmental (19), spiritual (16), economic (13), cultural (eight), political (six), and demographic (four) dimensions. Three types of models emerged: health-state outcomes (three), adaptations across the life course (31), or a combination of both (31). Two additional sub-classifications emphasized person-environment congruence and health promotion. Conclusions:HA is heterogeneously termed and conceptualized multidimensionally as adaptive processes of dynamic person-environment interactions to ageing, health-state outcomes, or both. Congruence with the living environment and health promotion/empowerment are emphasized. Our model classification provides a basis for harmonizing conceptual terms and dimensions that can guide research and comparisons of empirical Findings. This would inform social and health policies enabling HA for populations in various contexts.
AB - Background: Healthy ageing (HA) has been defined using multiple approaches. We aim to produce a comprehensive overview and analysis of the theoretical models underpinning this concept and its associated normative terms and definitions. Methods: We conducted a systematic review of peer-reviewed HA models in Embase.com, Medline(Ovid), Cochrane CENTRAL, CINAHL, PsycINFO, and Web of Science until August 2022. Original theoretical papers, concept analyses, and reviews that proposed new models were included. Operational models/definitions, lifespan development psychology theories and mechanisms of ageing were excluded. We followed an iterative approach to extract the models’ characteristics and thematically analyze them based on the approach of Walker and Avant. The protocol was registered in PROSPERO(CRD42021238796). Results: Out of 10, 741 records, we included 59 papers comprising 65 models/ definitions, published in English (1960–2022) from 16 countries in Europe, Asia, and America. Human ageing was described using 12 normative terms, mainly (models (%)): successful (34 (52%)), healthy (eight (12%)), well (five (8%)), and active (four (6%)). We identified intrinsic/extrinsic factors interacting throughout the life course, adaptive processes as attributes, and outcomes describing patterns of ageing across objective and subjective dimensions (number of models/definitions): cognitive(62), psychological(53), physical (49), social (49), environmental (19), spiritual (16), economic (13), cultural (eight), political (six), and demographic (four) dimensions. Three types of models emerged: health-state outcomes (three), adaptations across the life course (31), or a combination of both (31). Two additional sub-classifications emphasized person-environment congruence and health promotion. Conclusions:HA is heterogeneously termed and conceptualized multidimensionally as adaptive processes of dynamic person-environment interactions to ageing, health-state outcomes, or both. Congruence with the living environment and health promotion/empowerment are emphasized. Our model classification provides a basis for harmonizing conceptual terms and dimensions that can guide research and comparisons of empirical Findings. This would inform social and health policies enabling HA for populations in various contexts.
KW - Concept
KW - Concept analysis
KW - Definition
KW - Dimension
KW - Healthy ageing
KW - Model
UR - https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?partnerID=HzOxMe3b&scp=85187533251&origin=inward
U2 - 10.1016/j.eclinm.2022.101821
DO - 10.1016/j.eclinm.2022.101821
M3 - Review article
C2 - 36684393
SN - 2654-1459
VL - 5
JO - Population Medicine
JF - Population Medicine
M1 - A5
ER -