TY - JOUR
T1 - COVID-19 Clusters in Belgian Nursing Homes
T2 - Impact of Facility Characteristics and Vaccination on Cluster Occurrence, Duration and Severity
AU - Dequeker, Sara
AU - Callies, Milena
AU - Catteau, Lucy
AU - Int Panis, Laura
AU - Islamaj, Esma
AU - Klamer, Sofieke
AU - Latour, Katrien
AU - Pauwels, Marijke
AU - Vernemmen, Catharina
AU - Mahieu, Romain
AU - Masson, Hanna
AU - Savsin, Muhammet
AU - de Clercq, Etienne
AU - Thomas, Mireille
AU - Catry, Boudewijn
AU - Vandael, Eline
PY - 2023/1/13
Y1 - 2023/1/13
N2 - COVID-19 severely affected nursing home residents from March 2020 onwards in Belgium. This study aimed to model the impact of vaccination and facility characteristics on cluster occurrence, duration and severity in this setting. Possible clusters were identified between June 2020 and January 2022, based on the Belgian COVID-19 surveillance in nursing homes. Median attack rates (AR) among residents and staff, case hospitalization rates (CHR) and case fatality rates (CFR) were calculated. A negative binomial model was used to identify the association between nursing home characteristics and the number of cases, hospital admissions and deaths and the duration of the cluster. A total of 2239 clusters were detected in more than 80% of nursing homes. Most of these (62%) occurred before the start of COVID-19 vaccination (end of December 2020). After vaccination, the number of clusters, the AR among residents and staff, the CHR and the CFR dropped. Previous cluster(s) and vaccination decreased the number of cases, hospital admissions and deaths among residents. Previous cluster experience and having started vaccination were protective factors. We recommend continued implementation of targeted interventions such as vaccination, large-scale screening and immediate implementation of additional infection prevention and control measures.
AB - COVID-19 severely affected nursing home residents from March 2020 onwards in Belgium. This study aimed to model the impact of vaccination and facility characteristics on cluster occurrence, duration and severity in this setting. Possible clusters were identified between June 2020 and January 2022, based on the Belgian COVID-19 surveillance in nursing homes. Median attack rates (AR) among residents and staff, case hospitalization rates (CHR) and case fatality rates (CFR) were calculated. A negative binomial model was used to identify the association between nursing home characteristics and the number of cases, hospital admissions and deaths and the duration of the cluster. A total of 2239 clusters were detected in more than 80% of nursing homes. Most of these (62%) occurred before the start of COVID-19 vaccination (end of December 2020). After vaccination, the number of clusters, the AR among residents and staff, the CHR and the CFR dropped. Previous cluster(s) and vaccination decreased the number of cases, hospital admissions and deaths among residents. Previous cluster experience and having started vaccination were protective factors. We recommend continued implementation of targeted interventions such as vaccination, large-scale screening and immediate implementation of additional infection prevention and control measures.
KW - SARS-CoV-2
KW - clusters
KW - infection prevention
KW - long-term care facilities
KW - vaccination
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85147045160&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - https://doi.org/10.3390/v15010232
DO - https://doi.org/10.3390/v15010232
M3 - Article
C2 - 36680272
SN - 1999-4915
VL - 15
JO - Viruses
JF - Viruses
IS - 1
ER -