Design and cohort description of the InterAct Project: An examination of the interaction of genetic and lifestyle factors on the incidence of type 2 diabetes in the EPIC Study

C. Langenberg; S. Sharp; N. G. Forouhi; P. W. Franks; M. B. Schulze; N. Kerrison; U. Ekelund; I. Barroso; S. Panico; M. J. Tormo; J. Spranger; S. Griffin; Y. T. van der Schouw; P. Amiano; E. Ardanaz; L. Arriola; B. Balkau; A. Barricarte; J. W.J. Beulens; H. Boeing; H. B. Bueno-de-Mesquita; B. Buijsse; Chirlaque Lopez; F. Clavel-Chapelon; F. L. Crowe; B. de Lauzon-Guillan; P. Deloukas; M. Dorronsoro; D. Drogan; P. Froguel; C. Gonzalez; S. Grioni; L. Groop; C. Groves; P. Hainaut; J. Halkjaer; G. Hallmans; T. Hansen; J. M. Huerta Castaño; R. Kaaks; T. J. Key; K. T. Khaw; A. Koulman; A. Mattiello; C. Navarro; P. Nilsson; T. Norat; K. Overvad; L. Palla; D. Palli; O. Pedersen; P. H. Peeters; J. R. Quirós; A. Ramachandran; L. Rodriguez-Suarez; O. Rolandsson; D. Romaguera; I. Romieu; C. Sacerdote; M. J. Sánchez; A. Sandbaek; N. Slimani; I. Sluijs; A. M.W. Spijkerman; B. Teucher; A. Tjonneland; R. Tumino; D. L. van der A; W. M.M. Verschuren; J. Tuomilehto; E. Feskens; M. McCarthy; E. Riboli; N. J. Wareham

doi:https://doi.org/10.1007/s00125-011-2182-9

Design and cohort description of the InterAct Project: An examination of the interaction of genetic and lifestyle factors on the incidence of type 2 diabetes in the EPIC Study

C. Langenberg, S. Sharp, N. G. Forouhi, P. W. Franks, M. B. Schulze, N. Kerrison, U. Ekelund, I. Barroso, S. Panico, M. J. Tormo, J. Spranger, S. Griffin, Y. T. van der Schouw, P. Amiano, E. Ardanaz, L. Arriola, B. Balkau, A. Barricarte, J. W.J. Beulens, H. BoeingH. B. Bueno-de-Mesquita, B. Buijsse, Chirlaque Lopez, F. Clavel-Chapelon, F. L. Crowe, B. de Lauzon-Guillan, P. Deloukas, M. Dorronsoro, D. Drogan, P. Froguel, C. Gonzalez, S. Grioni, L. Groop, C. Groves, P. Hainaut, J. Halkjaer, G. Hallmans, T. Hansen, J. M. Huerta Castaño, R. Kaaks, T. J. Key, K. T. Khaw, A. Koulman, A. Mattiello, C. Navarro, P. Nilsson, T. Norat, K. Overvad, L. Palla, D. Palli, O. Pedersen, P. H. Peeters, J. R. Quirós, A. Ramachandran, L. Rodriguez-Suarez, O. Rolandsson, D. Romaguera, I. Romieu, C. Sacerdote, M. J. Sánchez, A. Sandbaek, N. Slimani, I. Sluijs, A. M.W. Spijkerman, B. Teucher, A. Tjonneland, R. Tumino, D. L. van der A, W. M.M. Verschuren, J. Tuomilehto, E. Feskens, M. McCarthy, E. Riboli, N. J. Wareham

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Abstract

Aims/hypothesis Studying gene-lifestyle interaction may help to identify lifestyle factors that modify genetic susceptibility and uncover genetic loci exerting important subgroup effects. Adequately powered studies with prospective, unbiased, standardised assessment of key behavioural factors for gene-lifestyle studies are lacking. This case-cohort study aims to investigate how genetic and potentially modifiable lifestyle and behavioural factors, particularly diet and physical activity, interact in their influence on the risk of developing type 2 diabetes. Methods Incident cases of type 2 diabetes occurring in European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) cohorts between 1991 and 2007 from eight of the ten EPIC countries were ascertained and verified. Prentice-weighted Cox regression and random-effects meta-analyses were used to investigate differences in diabetes incidence by age and sex. Results A total of 12,403 verified incident cases of type 2 diabetes occurred during 3.99 million person-years of follow-up of 340,234 EPIC participants eligible for Inter-Act. We defined a centre-stratified subcohort of 16,154 individuals for comparative analyses. Individuals with incident diabetes who were randomly selected into the subcohort (n=778) were included as cases in the analyses. All prevalent diabetes cases were excluded from the study. InterAct cases were followed-up for an average of 6.9 years; 49.7% were men. Mean baseline age and age at diagnosis were 55.6 and 62.5 years, mean BMI and waist circumference values were 29.4 kg/m² and 102.7 cm in men, and 30.1 kg/m² and 92.8 cm in women, respectively. Risk of type 2 diabetes increased linearly with age, with an overall HR of 1.56 (95% CI 1.48-1.64) for a 10 year age difference, adjusted for sex. A male excess in the risk of incident diabetes was consistently observed across all countries, with a pooled HR of 1.51 (95% CI 1.39-1.64), adjusted for age. Conclusions/ interpretation InterAct is a large, well-powered, prospective study that will inform our understanding of the interplay between genes and lifestyle factors on the risk of type 2 diabetes development.

Original language	English
Pages (from-to)	2272-2282
Number of pages	11
Journal	Diabetologia
Volume	54
Issue number	9
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1007/s00125-011-2182-9
Publication status	Published - 1 Sept 2011

Keywords

Cohort studies
Diabetes mellitus
Epidemiologic research design
Gene-lifestyle interaction
Genetic epidemiology
Type 2 diabetes

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Langenberg, C., Sharp, S., Forouhi, N. G., Franks, P. W., Schulze, M. B., Kerrison, N., Ekelund, U., Barroso, I., Panico, S., Tormo, M. J., Spranger, J., Griffin, S., van der Schouw, Y. T., Amiano, P., Ardanaz, E., Arriola, L., Balkau, B., Barricarte, A., Beulens, J. W. J., ... Wareham, N. J. (2011). Design and cohort description of the InterAct Project: An examination of the interaction of genetic and lifestyle factors on the incidence of type 2 diabetes in the EPIC Study. Diabetologia, 54(9), 2272-2282. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00125-011-2182-9

@article{55a7c7adba48467296cef66bc4abd09e,

title = "Design and cohort description of the InterAct Project: An examination of the interaction of genetic and lifestyle factors on the incidence of type 2 diabetes in the EPIC Study",

abstract = "Aims/hypothesis Studying gene-lifestyle interaction may help to identify lifestyle factors that modify genetic susceptibility and uncover genetic loci exerting important subgroup effects. Adequately powered studies with prospective, unbiased, standardised assessment of key behavioural factors for gene-lifestyle studies are lacking. This case-cohort study aims to investigate how genetic and potentially modifiable lifestyle and behavioural factors, particularly diet and physical activity, interact in their influence on the risk of developing type 2 diabetes. Methods Incident cases of type 2 diabetes occurring in European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) cohorts between 1991 and 2007 from eight of the ten EPIC countries were ascertained and verified. Prentice-weighted Cox regression and random-effects meta-analyses were used to investigate differences in diabetes incidence by age and sex. Results A total of 12,403 verified incident cases of type 2 diabetes occurred during 3.99 million person-years of follow-up of 340,234 EPIC participants eligible for Inter-Act. We defined a centre-stratified subcohort of 16,154 individuals for comparative analyses. Individuals with incident diabetes who were randomly selected into the subcohort (n=778) were included as cases in the analyses. All prevalent diabetes cases were excluded from the study. InterAct cases were followed-up for an average of 6.9 years; 49.7% were men. Mean baseline age and age at diagnosis were 55.6 and 62.5 years, mean BMI and waist circumference values were 29.4 kg/m2 and 102.7 cm in men, and 30.1 kg/m2 and 92.8 cm in women, respectively. Risk of type 2 diabetes increased linearly with age, with an overall HR of 1.56 (95% CI 1.48-1.64) for a 10 year age difference, adjusted for sex. A male excess in the risk of incident diabetes was consistently observed across all countries, with a pooled HR of 1.51 (95% CI 1.39-1.64), adjusted for age. Conclusions/ interpretation InterAct is a large, well-powered, prospective study that will inform our understanding of the interplay between genes and lifestyle factors on the risk of type 2 diabetes development.",

keywords = "Cohort studies, Diabetes mellitus, Epidemiologic research design, Gene-lifestyle interaction, Genetic epidemiology, Type 2 diabetes",

author = "C. Langenberg and S. Sharp and Forouhi, {N. G.} and Franks, {P. W.} and Schulze, {M. B.} and N. Kerrison and U. Ekelund and I. Barroso and S. Panico and Tormo, {M. J.} and J. Spranger and S. Griffin and {van der Schouw}, {Y. T.} and P. Amiano and E. Ardanaz and L. Arriola and B. Balkau and A. Barricarte and Beulens, {J. W.J.} and H. Boeing and Bueno-de-Mesquita, {H. B.} and B. Buijsse and Chirlaque Lopez and F. Clavel-Chapelon and Crowe, {F. L.} and {de Lauzon-Guillan}, B. and P. Deloukas and M. Dorronsoro and D. Drogan and P. Froguel and C. Gonzalez and S. Grioni and L. Groop and C. Groves and P. Hainaut and J. Halkjaer and G. Hallmans and T. Hansen and {Huerta Casta{\~n}o}, {J. M.} and R. Kaaks and Key, {T. J.} and Khaw, {K. T.} and A. Koulman and A. Mattiello and C. Navarro and P. Nilsson and T. Norat and K. Overvad and L. Palla and D. Palli and O. Pedersen and Peeters, {P. H.} and Quir{\'o}s, {J. R.} and A. Ramachandran and L. Rodriguez-Suarez and O. Rolandsson and D. Romaguera and I. Romieu and C. Sacerdote and S{\'a}nchez, {M. J.} and A. Sandbaek and N. Slimani and I. Sluijs and Spijkerman, {A. M.W.} and B. Teucher and A. Tjonneland and R. Tumino and {van der A}, {D. L.} and Verschuren, {W. M.M.} and J. Tuomilehto and E. Feskens and M. McCarthy and E. Riboli and Wareham, {N. J.}",

year = "2011",

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day = "1",

doi = "https://doi.org/10.1007/s00125-011-2182-9",

language = "English",

volume = "54",

pages = "2272--2282",

journal = "Diabetologia",

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number = "9",

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Langenberg, C, Sharp, S, Forouhi, NG, Franks, PW, Schulze, MB, Kerrison, N, Ekelund, U, Barroso, I, Panico, S, Tormo, MJ, Spranger, J, Griffin, S, van der Schouw, YT, Amiano, P, Ardanaz, E, Arriola, L, Balkau, B, Barricarte, A, Beulens, JWJ, Boeing, H, Bueno-de-Mesquita, HB, Buijsse, B, Lopez, C, Clavel-Chapelon, F, Crowe, FL, de Lauzon-Guillan, B, Deloukas, P, Dorronsoro, M, Drogan, D, Froguel, P, Gonzalez, C, Grioni, S, Groop, L, Groves, C, Hainaut, P, Halkjaer, J, Hallmans, G, Hansen, T, Huerta Castaño, JM, Kaaks, R, Key, TJ, Khaw, KT, Koulman, A, Mattiello, A, Navarro, C, Nilsson, P, Norat, T, Overvad, K, Palla, L, Palli, D, Pedersen, O, Peeters, PH, Quirós, JR, Ramachandran, A, Rodriguez-Suarez, L, Rolandsson, O, Romaguera, D, Romieu, I, Sacerdote, C, Sánchez, MJ, Sandbaek, A, Slimani, N, Sluijs, I, Spijkerman, AMW, Teucher, B, Tjonneland, A, Tumino, R, van der A, DL, Verschuren, WMM, Tuomilehto, J, Feskens, E, McCarthy, M, Riboli, E & Wareham, NJ 2011, 'Design and cohort description of the InterAct Project: An examination of the interaction of genetic and lifestyle factors on the incidence of type 2 diabetes in the EPIC Study', Diabetologia, vol. 54, no. 9, pp. 2272-2282. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00125-011-2182-9

TY - JOUR

T1 - Design and cohort description of the InterAct Project

T2 - An examination of the interaction of genetic and lifestyle factors on the incidence of type 2 diabetes in the EPIC Study

AU - Langenberg, C.

AU - Sharp, S.

AU - Forouhi, N. G.

AU - Franks, P. W.

AU - Schulze, M. B.

AU - Kerrison, N.

AU - Ekelund, U.

AU - Barroso, I.

AU - Panico, S.

AU - Tormo, M. J.

AU - Spranger, J.

AU - Griffin, S.

AU - van der Schouw, Y. T.

AU - Amiano, P.

AU - Ardanaz, E.

AU - Arriola, L.

AU - Balkau, B.

AU - Barricarte, A.

AU - Beulens, J. W.J.

AU - Boeing, H.

AU - Bueno-de-Mesquita, H. B.

AU - Buijsse, B.

AU - Lopez, Chirlaque

AU - Clavel-Chapelon, F.

AU - Crowe, F. L.

AU - de Lauzon-Guillan, B.

AU - Deloukas, P.

AU - Dorronsoro, M.

AU - Drogan, D.

AU - Froguel, P.

AU - Gonzalez, C.

AU - Grioni, S.

AU - Groop, L.

AU - Groves, C.

AU - Hainaut, P.

AU - Halkjaer, J.

AU - Hallmans, G.

AU - Hansen, T.

AU - Huerta Castaño, J. M.

AU - Kaaks, R.

AU - Key, T. J.

AU - Khaw, K. T.

AU - Koulman, A.

AU - Mattiello, A.

AU - Navarro, C.

AU - Nilsson, P.

AU - Norat, T.

AU - Overvad, K.

AU - Palla, L.

AU - Palli, D.

AU - Pedersen, O.

AU - Peeters, P. H.

AU - Quirós, J. R.

AU - Ramachandran, A.

AU - Rodriguez-Suarez, L.

AU - Rolandsson, O.

AU - Romaguera, D.

AU - Romieu, I.

AU - Sacerdote, C.

AU - Sánchez, M. J.

AU - Sandbaek, A.

AU - Slimani, N.

AU - Sluijs, I.

AU - Spijkerman, A. M.W.

AU - Teucher, B.

AU - Tjonneland, A.

AU - Tumino, R.

AU - van der A, D. L.

AU - Verschuren, W. M.M.

AU - Tuomilehto, J.

AU - Feskens, E.

AU - McCarthy, M.

AU - Riboli, E.

AU - Wareham, N. J.

PY - 2011/9/1

Y1 - 2011/9/1

N2 - Aims/hypothesis Studying gene-lifestyle interaction may help to identify lifestyle factors that modify genetic susceptibility and uncover genetic loci exerting important subgroup effects. Adequately powered studies with prospective, unbiased, standardised assessment of key behavioural factors for gene-lifestyle studies are lacking. This case-cohort study aims to investigate how genetic and potentially modifiable lifestyle and behavioural factors, particularly diet and physical activity, interact in their influence on the risk of developing type 2 diabetes. Methods Incident cases of type 2 diabetes occurring in European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) cohorts between 1991 and 2007 from eight of the ten EPIC countries were ascertained and verified. Prentice-weighted Cox regression and random-effects meta-analyses were used to investigate differences in diabetes incidence by age and sex. Results A total of 12,403 verified incident cases of type 2 diabetes occurred during 3.99 million person-years of follow-up of 340,234 EPIC participants eligible for Inter-Act. We defined a centre-stratified subcohort of 16,154 individuals for comparative analyses. Individuals with incident diabetes who were randomly selected into the subcohort (n=778) were included as cases in the analyses. All prevalent diabetes cases were excluded from the study. InterAct cases were followed-up for an average of 6.9 years; 49.7% were men. Mean baseline age and age at diagnosis were 55.6 and 62.5 years, mean BMI and waist circumference values were 29.4 kg/m2 and 102.7 cm in men, and 30.1 kg/m2 and 92.8 cm in women, respectively. Risk of type 2 diabetes increased linearly with age, with an overall HR of 1.56 (95% CI 1.48-1.64) for a 10 year age difference, adjusted for sex. A male excess in the risk of incident diabetes was consistently observed across all countries, with a pooled HR of 1.51 (95% CI 1.39-1.64), adjusted for age. Conclusions/ interpretation InterAct is a large, well-powered, prospective study that will inform our understanding of the interplay between genes and lifestyle factors on the risk of type 2 diabetes development.

AB - Aims/hypothesis Studying gene-lifestyle interaction may help to identify lifestyle factors that modify genetic susceptibility and uncover genetic loci exerting important subgroup effects. Adequately powered studies with prospective, unbiased, standardised assessment of key behavioural factors for gene-lifestyle studies are lacking. This case-cohort study aims to investigate how genetic and potentially modifiable lifestyle and behavioural factors, particularly diet and physical activity, interact in their influence on the risk of developing type 2 diabetes. Methods Incident cases of type 2 diabetes occurring in European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) cohorts between 1991 and 2007 from eight of the ten EPIC countries were ascertained and verified. Prentice-weighted Cox regression and random-effects meta-analyses were used to investigate differences in diabetes incidence by age and sex. Results A total of 12,403 verified incident cases of type 2 diabetes occurred during 3.99 million person-years of follow-up of 340,234 EPIC participants eligible for Inter-Act. We defined a centre-stratified subcohort of 16,154 individuals for comparative analyses. Individuals with incident diabetes who were randomly selected into the subcohort (n=778) were included as cases in the analyses. All prevalent diabetes cases were excluded from the study. InterAct cases were followed-up for an average of 6.9 years; 49.7% were men. Mean baseline age and age at diagnosis were 55.6 and 62.5 years, mean BMI and waist circumference values were 29.4 kg/m2 and 102.7 cm in men, and 30.1 kg/m2 and 92.8 cm in women, respectively. Risk of type 2 diabetes increased linearly with age, with an overall HR of 1.56 (95% CI 1.48-1.64) for a 10 year age difference, adjusted for sex. A male excess in the risk of incident diabetes was consistently observed across all countries, with a pooled HR of 1.51 (95% CI 1.39-1.64), adjusted for age. Conclusions/ interpretation InterAct is a large, well-powered, prospective study that will inform our understanding of the interplay between genes and lifestyle factors on the risk of type 2 diabetes development.

KW - Cohort studies

KW - Diabetes mellitus

KW - Epidemiologic research design

KW - Gene-lifestyle interaction

KW - Genetic epidemiology

KW - Type 2 diabetes

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U2 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s00125-011-2182-9

DO - https://doi.org/10.1007/s00125-011-2182-9

M3 - Article

C2 - 21717116

SN - 0012-186X

VL - 54

SP - 2272

EP - 2282

JO - Diabetologia

JF - Diabetologia

IS - 9

ER -

Design and cohort description of the InterAct Project: An examination of the interaction of genetic and lifestyle factors on the incidence of type 2 diabetes in the EPIC Study

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