Abstract
| Original language | English |
|---|---|
| Article number | e12234 |
| Pages (from-to) | e12234 |
| Journal | Alzheimer's & dementia : diagnosis, assessment & disease monitoring |
| Volume | 13 |
| Issue number | 1 |
| DOIs | |
| Publication status | Published - 2021 |
Keywords
- Alzheimer's disease
- cognition
- normative data
- remote assessment
- screener
- self-testing
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In: Alzheimer's & dementia : diagnosis, assessment & disease monitoring, Vol. 13, No. 1, e12234, 2021, p. e12234.
Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › Academic › peer-review
TY - JOUR
T1 - The Cognitive Online Self-Test Amsterdam (COST-A)
T2 - Establishing norm scores in a community-dwelling population
AU - Visser, Leonie N. C.
AU - Dubbelman, Mark A.
AU - Verrijp, Merike
AU - Wanders, Lisa
AU - Pelt, Sophie
AU - Zwan, Marissa D.
AU - Thijssen, Dick H. J.
AU - Wouters, Hans
AU - Sikkes, Sietske A. M.
AU - van Hout, Hein P. J.
AU - van der Flier, Wiesje M.
N1 - Funding Information: Funding for the data collection and research on which this study is based was provided by the Stichting Stoffels‐Hornstra. Hersenonderzoek.nl was used to contact potential participants and is supported by a grant from ZonMW Memorabel (#73305095003). Funding Information: We would like to thank our participants for their involvement, valuable time, and effort. Research of Alzheimer Center Amsterdam is part of the neurodegeneration research program of Amsterdam Neuroscience. Alzheimer Center Amsterdam is supported by Stichting Alzheimer Nederland and Stichting VUmc fonds. Funding Information: We would like to thank our participants for their involvement, valuable time, and effort. Research of Alzheimer Center Amsterdam is part of the neurodegeneration research program of Amsterdam Neuroscience. Alzheimer Center Amsterdam is supported by Stichting Alzheimer Nederland and Stichting VUmc fonds. Researchers who are interested in using COST-A should contact the authors for further details. Funding for the data collection and research on which this study is based was provided by the Stichting Stoffels-Hornstra. Hersenonderzoek.nl was used to contact potential participants and is supported by a grant from ZonMW Memorabel (#73305095003). WMF and LNCV are recipients of ABOARD, a public-private partnership receiving funding from ZonMw (#73305095007) and Health?Holland, Topsector Life Sciences & Health (PPP-allowance; #LSHM20106). LNCV is supported by a fellowship grant received from Alzheimer Nederland (WE.15-2019-05). LW is supported by a grant from the Netherlands Organization for Scientific Research (grant number: ALWTF.2016.032). SAMS is recipient of public-private funding from Health?Holland, Topsector Life Sciences & Health (PPP-allowance; LSHM20084-SGF, project DEFEAT-AD), and the National Institutes of Health, as well as license fees from Green Valley, VtV Therapeutics, Alzheon, Vivoryon, and Roche, and honoraria from Boehringer and Toyama. All funding is paid to her institution. WMF has received further funding from NWO, EU-FP7, EU-JPND, Alzheimer Nederland, CardioVascular Onderzoek Nederland, stichting Dioraphte, Gieskes-Strijbis fund, stichting Equilibrio, Pasman stichting, Biogen MA Inc, Boehringer Ingelheim, Life-MI, AVID, Roche BV, Fujifilm, and Combinostics. WMF holds the Pasman chair, has performed contract research for Biogen MA Inc. and Boehringer Ingelheim, is a consultant to Oxford Health Policy Forum CIC, Roche and Biogen MA Inc., and has been an invited speaker at Boehringer Ingelheim, Biogen MA Inc., Danone, Eisai, WebMD Neurology (Medscape). All funding is paid to her institution. HPJH received grants from European Committee, and Care Institute Netherlands, which were paid to his institution. The other authors have no relevant disclosures. Publisher Copyright: © 2021 The Authors. Alzheimer's & Dementia: Diagnosis, Assessment & Disease Monitoring published by Wiley Periodicals, LLC on behalf of Alzheimer's Association
PY - 2021
Y1 - 2021
N2 - Background: Heightened public awareness about Alzheimer's disease and dementia increases the need for at-home cognitive self-testing. We offered Cognitive Online Self-Test Amsterdam (COST-A) to independent groups of cognitively normal adults and investigated the robustness of a norm-score formula and cutoff. Methods: Three thousand eighty-eight participants (mean age ± standard deviation = 61 ± 12 years, 70% female) completed COST-A and evaluated it. Demographically adjusted norm scores were the difference between expected COST-A scores, based on age, gender, and education, and actual scores. We applied the resulting norm-score formula to two independent cohorts. Results: Participants evaluated COST-A to be of adequate difficulty and duration. Our norm-score formula was shown to be robust: ≈8% of participants in two cognitively normal cohorts had abnormal scores. A cutoff of -1.5 standard deviations proved optimal for distinguishing normal from impaired cognition. Conclusion: With robust norm scores, COST-A is a promising new tool for research and clinical practice, providing low cost and minimally invasive remote assessment of cognitive functioning.
AB - Background: Heightened public awareness about Alzheimer's disease and dementia increases the need for at-home cognitive self-testing. We offered Cognitive Online Self-Test Amsterdam (COST-A) to independent groups of cognitively normal adults and investigated the robustness of a norm-score formula and cutoff. Methods: Three thousand eighty-eight participants (mean age ± standard deviation = 61 ± 12 years, 70% female) completed COST-A and evaluated it. Demographically adjusted norm scores were the difference between expected COST-A scores, based on age, gender, and education, and actual scores. We applied the resulting norm-score formula to two independent cohorts. Results: Participants evaluated COST-A to be of adequate difficulty and duration. Our norm-score formula was shown to be robust: ≈8% of participants in two cognitively normal cohorts had abnormal scores. A cutoff of -1.5 standard deviations proved optimal for distinguishing normal from impaired cognition. Conclusion: With robust norm scores, COST-A is a promising new tool for research and clinical practice, providing low cost and minimally invasive remote assessment of cognitive functioning.
KW - Alzheimer's disease
KW - cognition
KW - normative data
KW - remote assessment
KW - screener
KW - self-testing
UR - https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?partnerID=HzOxMe3b&scp=85123077695&origin=inward
UR - https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34541288
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85123077695&partnerID=8YFLogxK
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=85123077695&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - https://doi.org/10.1002/dad2.12234
DO - https://doi.org/10.1002/dad2.12234
M3 - Article
C2 - 34541288
SN - 2352-8729
VL - 13
SP - e12234
JO - Alzheimer's & dementia : diagnosis, assessment & disease monitoring
JF - Alzheimer's & dementia : diagnosis, assessment & disease monitoring
IS - 1
M1 - e12234
ER -